506 Adventures in Food and Nutrition
butter. The fat found in milk. (20)
buttermilk. A cultured milk product made by adding
bacteria to whole, low-fat, or fat-free milk. (20)
C
cake flour. A smooth, silky flour used to make
cakes that have a light and delicate texture. (18)
calcium. A nutrient needed to build bones and
teeth, transmit nerve signals, and contract
muscles. (2)
calorie. A measure of the energy value of food. (2)
calorie balance. Eating the same number of
calories as you burn. (4)
campylobacter. Bacteria that are the most
common cause of foodborne illness. (9)
candling. Shining a very bright light on eggs in
order to judge their quality. (23)
carbohydrate. A nutrient that provides energy. It
is found in every food of plant origin. Sugars,
starch, and fiber are types of carbohydrates. (2)
carbon monoxide. A colorless, odorless deadly
gas. (8)
cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). A
lifesaving technique that helps save a victim who
isn’t breathing and whose heart has stopped. (8)
career. The work in a certain field that a person
does for a long period of time. (25)
career ladder. A series of jobs in the same field to
which a person can advance. (25)
career wellness. Having a good attitude about
school and work and feeling good about what
you achieve. (1)
carryover cooking. Occurs when meat is removed
from the heat and the temperature inside the
meat continues to rise. (21)
casing. A thin skin shaped like a tube; holds
ground meats such as sausage. (21)
chalazae. Two white stringlike structures that hold
the yolk in the middle of an egg. (23)
chest freezer. A freezer with the door on top. (5)
chiffon pies. Light, airy pies that contain gelatin
and beaten eggs. (24)
chill. To put food in the refrigerator to make it cold. (10)
cholesterol. A fatlike substance that occurs
naturally in the body. (2)
chop. To cut into small, uneven pieces. (10)
citrus fruit. A type of fruit that has a leathery skin,
many segments filled with juicy pellets, and
grows on trees. (15)
clostridium botulinum. Bacteria that cause
botulism. (9)
clostridium perfringens. Bacteria that grow
quickly at danger zone temperatures. (9)
cold pack cheese. A blend of cheeses. (20)
color additives. Additives that make foods look
more appealing. (12)
combination oven. An oven with two or more oven
types all in one. (5)
comparison shopping. Comparing prices of
different brands, forms, and sizes of the same
item. (12)
complete protein. Food of animal origin that contains
all the amino acids needed by the body. (2)
connective tissue. Long, thin tissue that holds
muscles together. (21)
continuous cleaning oven. A type of oven with
special coating on the inside walls. This coating
causes spatters and spills to burn away during
cooking. (5)
convection oven. A type of oven that cooks food
with circulating hot air. (5)
convenience food. Food that has been partially or
totally prepared when you buy it. (11)
convenience store. A type of store often located
near or in residential areas that are usually open
longer than most other food stores. (12)
conventional method. Mixing method used for
shortened cakes in which fat and sugar are
creamed together, the eggs added, and sifted
dry ingredients are added alternately with the
liquid ingredients. (24)
conventional oven. A type of oven that uses the
hot air inside to cook food. (5)
converted rice. Rice made by steaming whole rice
kernels. Steaming draws some of the nutrients
from the bran and germ into the endosperm
where they are trapped. After the kernels dry, the
bran and germ are removed. (18)
cooked dressing. A dressing made with vinegar
or fruit juice and flour, cornstarch, or egg yolks.
Cooked dressings do not contain fat or oil. (17)
cooking and serving center. The space in a
kitchen where food is cooked and placed in
serving dishes; it can include a range, microwave
oven, and convection oven. (5)
cooktop. Part of a range that cooks food in pots
through heat produced by surface units. (5)
cool. To let heated food come to room temperature. (10)
corn oil. Oil made by squeezing the germ of corn
kernels. (18)
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
Previous Page Next Page