Glossary 511
open dating. A system of putting dates on foods
to help you to decide which package to buy and
which to use first at home. (12)
organic foods. Crops grown on farmland that have
not been treated with human-made pesticides
or weed killers or fertilized with sewage sludge.
Organic meats are from farm animals that
received no drugs or hormones to speed their
growth rate. (12)
osteoporosis. A disease resulting from a lack of
calcium in the diet that causes bones to wear
away, become brittle, and break easily. (2)
oven. Part of a range that uses hot air to cook food
in pans on shelves. (5)
P
pan-broil. To cook meat in its own fat. (10)
parasite. An organism that lives inside or on a host. (9)
parboil. To boil until partly cooked. (10)
pare. To cut off outer skin with a knife or vegetable
peeler. (10)
partially prepared food. Food that needs some
preparation. Most need to be blended with other
ingredients. (11)
pasta. A shaped dough made with wheat flour and
water. (18)
pasteurized. Milk or cream that has been heated
to a high temperature for a few seconds to kill
harmful bacteria. (20)
pasteurized process cheese. A blend of two or
more cheeses. (20)
pathogen. An organism or substance that invades
the body and damages its cells. (9)
peel. To strip or pull off the outer skin using your
fingers or a knife. (10)
perishable foods. Foods that spoil in a few days,
such as fresh milk and meat. (12)
permanent emulsion. A type of emulsion in which
the ingredients do not separate. They stay
mixed. (17)
philosophical wellness. Knowing what’s important
to you and finding meaning and purpose in your
life. (1)
physical wellness. Not being sick, eating a healthy
diet, being physically fit, and taking steps to
avoid injuries. (1)
phytonutrients. Compounds that work together
with vitamins, minerals, and fiber to promote
good health. (2)
place setting. All the dinnerware, flatware, glassware,
and table linen used by one person. (13)
planning and message center. Part of a kitchen
with counter space for writing menus and making
shopping lists and storage space for cookbooks. (5)
poach. To cook food gently in simmering liquid. (10)
polenta. A pudding made with cornmeal. (18)
polished rice. The endosperm of the rice kernel.
It has less than half as many nutrients as brown
rice. (18)
pome. A type of fruit that has a core that contains
seeds and grows on trees. (15)
popcorn. A type of corn that contains a tiny drop
of water inside each kernel. When it is heated,
the water turns into steam. The pressure of the
steam causes the kernel to explode. (18)
pork. The meat from pigs. (21)
portable dishwasher. A type of dishwasher that
can be stored anywhere and is rolled to the sink
to wash dishes. (5)
poultry. Any bird raised for meat. (21)
preheat. To heat an oven to the cooking
temperature before putting food in the oven. (10)
preparation and storage center. The space in a
kitchen where foods are prepared and stored,
usually between the refrigerator and range. (5)
preservative. An additive that helps keep foods
fresh longer by preventing the growth of mold or
bacteria. (12)
pressed cookies. Cookies made by pushing
dough through a cookie press. (24)
prime. The top grade of beef and veal. (21)
processed meat. Any meats that have been
prepared in some way other than cutting or
grinding. (21)
produce. Fresh fruits and vegetables. (15)
product placement. When food marketers pay TV
and movie producers to put a product in their
show. (1)
protein. A type of nutrient needed for growth and
repair of the body. Proteins are made of amino
acids. (2)
pull date. The last day a food should be sold. (12)
puree. To grind or mash food until it becomes
smooth and liquid. (10)
purge. To rid the body of food by vomiting or
abusing laxatives. (4)
Q
quality grade. An evaluation system for beef based
on the age of the animal, amount of marbling,
and the color and texture of the muscle. (21)
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