xx
Chapter
28
Oxyfuel Welding,
Cutting, and Brazing . . . . . .742
Oxyfuel Welding and Cutting . . . . . . . 744
Chemistry of Burning Gases . . . . . . . 745
Oxyfuel Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 746
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 756
Setting Up the Equipment . . . . . . . . . 759
Lighting the Torch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 760
Types of Flame . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 761
Torch Shut-Down Procedure . . . . . . . 762
Using a Cutting Torch . . . . . . . . . . . . 763
Welding with Oxyfuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . 766
Braze Welding and Brazing . . . . . . . . 768
Using a Multiflame Heating Tip . . . . . 770
Chapter
29
Shielded Metal Arc
Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .776
Development of Electric Arc Welding . . 778
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 779
Electrodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 782
Joint Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 785
Welding Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 787
Surface Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 789
Controlling Welding Parameters . . . . 790
Anatomy of a Weld—Weld Quality . . . 795
Arc Welding Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 800
Practice Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 802
Controlling Distortion . . . . . . . . . . . . . 811
Welding Cast Iron . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 812
Welding Certification . . . . . . . . . . . . . 813
Chapter
30
Gas Metal and Flux Cored
Arc Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . .818
Development of Gas Metal
Arc Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 820
Advantages and Disadvantages
of GMAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 821
Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 822
Consumables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 827
Methods of Metal Transfer . . . . . . . . . 833
Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) . . . . 835
Welding Using GMAW . . . . . . . . . . . . 837
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 843
Practice Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 846
Chapter
31
Gas Tungsten Arc
Welding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .856
Development of GTAW . . . . . . . . . . . 858
Equipment for GTAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . 859
Consumables for GTAW . . . . . . . . . . 862
GTAW Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865
Welding with GTAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 866
GTAW Practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 870
Chapter
32
Plasma Cutting . . . . . . . . . .878
Plasma Cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 880
Plasma Cutting Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . 883
Using a Plasma Torch . . . . . . . . . . . . 885
CNC Plasma Cutting . . . . . . . . . . . . . 887
CNC Plasma Cutting Practice . . . . . . 892