806 Agricultural Mechanics and Technology Systems
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
Safety Note
Be aware that steam rising from dipping hot metal into water
can cause severe skin burns. Position your hand, arm, face,
and other body parts to the side of the rising steam.
14. Clean your work area and return all equipment to
its proper place.
Fillet Welding in the Flat and
Horizontal Positions
Two pieces fi tted together in a more or less
perpendicular arrangement are joined by a fi llet weld.
Performing a fi llet weld in the 1F position is much like
welding beads on fl at plate, since the weld is placed
in a 90° V-shaped groove. As in fl at plate welding, you
must ensure that the molten pool blends to each side,
being careful to obtain full penetration, and leaving a
uniform surface on the fi nished bead.
Shifting the parts to an upside-down T and
welding the joint on one or both sides is welding in the
horizontal (2F) position. See Figure 29-55. A sideways
T-joint welded from the top is also a 2F weld. Because
of the effect of gravity in this position, more of the
weld tends to be placed on the lower plate than on
the vertical plate. Also, the balance of heat should be
considered. Heat rises, and it takes less heat to melt the
edge of a plate compared to the fl at side of a plate. If
the two plates are of different thicknesses, the balance
of heat is different. The goal is to melt both plates evenly
at the weld joint, watching the edges of the pool and
manipulating the arc to control the application of heat.
Fillet welds on thicker materials require multiple
passes to complete a strong joint. Begin with the fi rst
weld directly in the joint between the plates; this is the
root bead. The weld root needs to penetrate deeply
into the joint and must be cleaned thoroughly prior
to adding successive welds. Weld the next bead in a
multiple-bead fi llet joint into the joint between one side
of the base metal and the root bead. Successive beads
are layered to build a fl at surface until the other plate
is again welded into the joint. The thicker the plate, the
more layers of bead are required. If the joint can only
be accessed from a single side for welding, or if the plate is over 1/4″ thick,
the piece that comes to an edge in the joint may require beveling to allow
for adequate penetration of the weld. Materials 3/8″ and over in thickness
generally require beveling on one or both sides prior to welding.
Goodheart-Willcox Publisher
Figure 29-53. Use a wire brush and chipping hammer
to clean each bead before welding the next.
Goodheart-Willcox Publisher
Figure 29-54. The second bead, and each
successive bead thereafter, is placed between
the previous bead and the plate.