Anatomy & Physiology Essentials 2e, Textbook Page iv (4 of 624)

iv Textbook The second edition of Anatomy & Physiology Essentials has been revised and updated to reflect the latest progress in research and development related to the human body in health and wellness, as well as in various disease states. Many of the Research Notes features have been revised or replaced to reflect the newest available information. In addition, information about COVID-19 and other emerging diseases has been added as appropriate throughout the textbook. Another noticeable change is the addition of development information that traces each body system throughout the human life span. A new section in each body system chapter describes the development of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems from conception through older adulthood. In addition to the new development sections and Research Notes features added to every chapter, content in individual chapters has been updated as follows: New to This Edition • Chapter 1 Foundations of Human Anatomy and Physiology has been completely revised to present the physical processes that sustain life more clearly, including metabolic processes and homeostasis. Information about the metric system has been moved to Appendix A. • Chapter 2 Molecules and Cells includes a new Clinical Case Study highlighting issues regarding diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19. • Chapter 9 The Endocrine System has been partially reorganized and tweaked to present information about this complex system in a clearer fashion. • Chapter 10 The Respiratory System has been updated to include information about COVID-19 and ongoing research efforts to conquer this pandemic disease. • Chapter 11 The Blood has been revised to include a clear explanation of the origin and development of blood cells and the process of hematopoiesis. • Chapter 13 The Lymphatic and Immune Systems now includes a Research Notes feature thoroughly discussing the virus that causes COVID-19 and the approaches being used to find suitable vaccines. Goodheart-Willcox and Body Scientific Augmented Reality See the cover in motion with Augmented Reality. With the help of Body Scientific, we have created a new way to get excited about anatomy and learning with the use of AR. To see our book cover in motion: 1. Open the camera app on your smartphone or tablet. 2. Hold your camera over the QR code and allow the new page to open. 3. Select iPhone or Android, depending on the device you are using. 4. Download the Body Scientific BSI AR DISPLAY app. 5. Open the BSI app and slowly move your device over G-W’s textbook cover.

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iv Textbook The second edition of Anatomy & Physiology Essentials has been revised and updated to reflect the latest progress in research and development related to the human body in health and wellness, as well as in various disease states. Many of the Research Notes features have been revised or replaced to reflect the newest available information. In addition, information about COVID-19 and other emerging diseases has been added as appropriate throughout the textbook. Another noticeable change is the addition of development information that traces each body system throughout the human life span. A new section in each body system chapter describes the development of cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems from conception through older adulthood. In addition to the new development sections and Research Notes features added to every chapter, content in individual chapters has been updated as follows: New to This Edition • Chapter 1 Foundations of Human Anatomy and Physiology has been completely revised to present the physical processes that sustain life more clearly, including metabolic processes and homeostasis. Information about the metric system has been moved to Appendix A. • Chapter 2 Molecules and Cells includes a new Clinical Case Study highlighting issues regarding diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19. • Chapter 9 The Endocrine System has been partially reorganized and tweaked to present information about this complex system in a clearer fashion. • Chapter 10 The Respiratory System has been updated to include information about COVID-19 and ongoing research efforts to conquer this pandemic disease. • Chapter 11 The Blood has been revised to include a clear explanation of the origin and development of blood cells and the process of hematopoiesis. • Chapter 13 The Lymphatic and Immune Systems now includes a Research Notes feature thoroughly discussing the virus that causes COVID-19 and the approaches being used to find suitable vaccines. Goodheart-Willcox and Body Scientific Augmented Reality See the cover in motion with Augmented Reality. With the help of Body Scientific, we have created a new way to get excited about anatomy and learning with the use of AR. To see our book cover in motion: 1. Open the camera app on your smartphone or tablet. 2. Hold your camera over the QR code and allow the new page to open. 3. Select iPhone or Android, depending on the device you are using. 4. Download the Body Scientific BSI AR DISPLAY app. 5. Open the BSI app and slowly move your device over G-W’s textbook cover.

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iii About the Authors Susan J. Hall is a professor emerita in the Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology at the University of Delaware. She is a fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine and the AAHPERD Research Consortium, and she has served as President of the Biomechanics Academy of AAHPERD, President of the AAHPERD Research Consortium, and Vice President of the American College of Sports Medicine. She is also the author of several successful textbooks and has served on several journal editorial boards. After graduating from Duke University, she began her career as a high school biology teacher. She earned a master’s degree from Texas Woman’s University and a PhD from Washington State University. She has been teaching at the college level for more than 30 years and served for many years as a department chair and deputy dean. Michelle A. Provost-Craig was an Associate Professor in the Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology at the University of Delaware, where she taught graduate and undergraduate courses in physiology, clinical exercise physiology, and electrocardiogram interpretation for 30 years. She is the recipient of the University’s most prestigious awards for Excellence in Teaching and Excellence in Advising and Mentoring. She also received a University grant from the Center for Teaching Effectiveness to develop innovative approaches to teaching anatomy and physiology to college students. At the University of Delaware, she served as the graduate coordinator of the Masters in Exercise Science program and was the founder of their Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation Program. Dr. Provost-Craig has served in numerous leadership roles for the United States Figure Skating Association (USFSA) and has performed physiological assessments of national and international elite ice figure skaters. She was the Vice President of the Mid-Atlantic Chapter of the Regional American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and has participated in several ACSM committees. Dr. Provost-Craig earned a Master’s degree from the University of Delaware and a PhD in Exercise Physiology from the University of Maryland. William C. Rose is an Associate Professor in the Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology at the University of Delaware, where he has taught anatomy and physiology to over 6,000 students. He has received the University award for Excellence in Teaching. He is a member of the American Physiological Society and the American College of Sports Medicine. He is the author of textbook chapters and research articles in the fields of cardiovascular physiology and biomechanics. He has served as a grant proposal reviewer for the National Science Foundation and as a manuscript reviewer for scientific journals such as Circulation and the American Journal of Physiology. After graduating from Harvard University with a degree in physics, Rose earned a PhD in biomedical engineering from Johns Hopkins University. He completed a postdoctoral fellowship in cardiology at Johns Hopkins Hospital, and he worked in research and development for the DuPont Company before joining the University of Delaware.

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v Laboratory Manual Goodheart-Willcox proudly announces the addition of the new Laboratory Manual to accompany Anatomy & Physiology Essentials! Written by an expert who currently teaches anatomy and physiology laboratory courses, this all-new product combines hands-on investigations and dissections with traditional workbook-style activities that help you gain a deeper understanding of the content of each chapter. Targeted Activities Chapters in the Laboratory Manual have a one-to-one correlation to the textbook chapters. The beginning of every chapter includes a brief description of the activities you will be engaging in as you complete the chapter. Text-based activities for each chapter include objectives to help you focus on the important concepts being presented. Most include a critical thinking component that will help you think more deeply about what you have learned and apply chapter concepts. Laboratory Investigations Hands-on laboratory investigations are highly organized to ensure that you have a successful experience in the laboratory. The Pre-Lab Review reminds you of pertinent anatomical concepts. The Procedure then walks you through the investigation with clear, easy-to-understand instructions and excellent photographs of key steps. Clinician Tips, Hints, Cautions, and Safety features are placed at point of use to protect your safety and enhance understanding. Each laboratory investigation ends with a Conclusions section asking you to think about your experience, and a Wrap-Up statement clarifying the importance of the organ or system under study. Dissection Labs If you are contemplating a career in healthcare, nothing can substitute for hands-on dissection of various organs. Using preserved animal specimens, the dissection investi- gations in this Laboratory Manual allow you to explore anatomy first- hand. Step-by-step photographs of the procedure guide you as you investigate the anatomy of the brain, eye, heart, spleen, stomach, kidney, and gonads (testis and ovary).

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