Chapter 9 Steering Systems 199
Rack-and-pinion assembly
Electric motor
Figure 9-65. The four-wheel steering components installed on the rear axle of this truck include a stepper motor and a rack-and-
pinion steering gear. The vehicle’s computer controls the stepper motor, which, in turn, operates the rack-and-pinion gear.
(Delphi/PRNewswire)
Figure 9-66. Cutaway view of an electric motor attached to the rear rack-and-pinion assembly. (Perfect Circle)
Ball socket inner tie rod end
Rack
Electric motor
assembly
Hollow armature
Field coils
Pinion
Control unit
Torque
sensor