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Section 1 Introduction to Plumbing
Figure 4-1. Reading a standard rule accurately and quickly is a skill that every plumber must master. Study the
fraction above to fix the division of an inch firmly in your mind.
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Inch dimensions
1∕2″ dimensions divide each
inch into two equal spaces
1∕4″ dimensions divide each
inch into four equal spaces
1∕8″ dimensions divide each
inch into eight equal spaces
1∕16″ dimensions divide each
inch into sixteen equal spaces
Figure 4-2. Learn to recognize each scale marking by length and position.
1 2 3 4 5 6
51∕8″
1 2 3
1 2 3 4 5
41∕2″
1 2 3 4
33∕16″
23∕4″