Contents
10
Welding Procedures 388
Keyhole 390
Multiple Weld Passes 390
Restarting and Ending a Weld 391
GTAW and GMAW of Pipes and Tubes 391
Section 9
Technical
Information
Chapter 33
Welding Symbols 395
The Three-View Drawing 395
The ANSI/AWS Welding Symbol 397
Fillet Weld Size 401
Melt-Through and Backing
Weld Symbols 403
Weld-All-Around and Field
Weld Symbols 403
Plug and Slot Welds 404
Spot Welds 404
Seam Welds 406
Chapter 34
Inspecting and Testing Welds 411
Reasons for Inspecting Welds 411
Types of Tests 412
Chapter 35
Welder Certification 427
Codes and Specifications 427
Employment Considerations 432
Labor Unions 432
Appendices 435
Appendix A, Welding Procedure
Specification (WPS) and Procedure
Qualification Records (PQR) 435
Appendix B, Welder Qualification
Test Record 437
Appendix C, Millimeter/Inch and
Fraction/Decimal Equivalents 438
Appendix D, Advantages and
Disadvantages of Various Welding
Processes That Use Consumable
Electrodes 439
Appendix E, Percentage of Welding
Filler Metal That Becomes Part of
a Completed Weld Joint 439
Appendix F, Variables That Affect
the Cost of Welding 439
Glossary of Technical Terms 441
Acknowledgements 455
Index 456
ContentsstnetnoC Contents