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26 Introduction to Microsoft Offi fice
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
1 1
Chapter Summary
Section 1.1 Introduction to
Computers
• The digital revolution is the ever-
expanding progression of technical,
economic, and cultural changes brought
about by computers. It has gone through
four phases: giant computers, personal
computers, networked computers, and
cloud computing.
• Computer technology has made it
possible for those with access to digital
communication devices to stay in touch
with others 24 hours a day. Advances in
this technology have increased the speed
of communication and the breadth of
geographic reach, but there are advantages
and disadvantages to the technology.
• Historically, computers were grouped
in one of three categories based on
size: mainframes, minicomputers, or
microcomputers. Computers today are
usually categorized based on usage and
cost as well as size: supercomputers,
mainframes, servers, and personal
computers and mobile devices.
• All computers contain the same basic
types of components: input device,
memory, processor, and output device.
If a device does not have all four
components, it is not a computer.
Section 1.2 Internet and Malware
• Information on the Internet and World
Wide Web is transmitted in packets.
The Internet protocol address uniquely
identifi each computer on a network fies
and is used to correctly route packets.
• A search engine examines massive
databases trying to identify the best
matches to the search phrases. Boolean
operators can be used to fine-tune fi
searches.
• Malware is software that intentionally
performs actions to disrupt the operation
of a computer system, collect private
information, or otherwise harm the
computer or user. Other computer threats
come from phishing, data vandalism,
cookies, and computer hacking.
Now that you have finished this chapter, see
what you know about computer applications
by taking the chapter posttest. Access the
posttest by visiting www.g-wlearning.com.
Chapter 1 Test
Multiple Choice
Select the best response.
1. Which event is not a major phase of the
digital revolution?
A. Giant computers.
B. The Industrial Revolution.
C. Cloud computing.
D. Personal computers.
2. The Internet began as:
A. the World Wide Web
B. NSFNET
C. ARPANET
D. WWW
3. Which of the following is not one of the
basic capabilities of a computer?
A. produce output
B. store data
C. process data
D. operate peripherals
4. What is the client software program that
retrieves web documents and displays
them to the user?
A. preprocessor
B. server
C. host
D. browser