Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 278 Section 4 Construction Details SCR brick has a nominal thickness of 2 2/3″ that produces 16″ in six courses. It is a nominal 6″ wide and 12″ long. These dimensions make it easier to lay in 1/2″ bond. SCR brick is also produced in thick- nesses of 3″ (four courses in 12″), 3 1/5″ (five courses in 16″), 4″ (four courses in 16″), and 5 1/3″ (three courses in 16″). Clay tiles are produced in 6″ sizes that can be used with SCR brick. Four-Inch RBM Curtain and Panel Walls Exterior nonloadbearing walls may be curtain walls or panel walls. A curtain wall is not wholly supported at each story. Curtain walls can be anchored to columns, spandrel beams, floors, or bearing walls, but are not necessarily built between structural elements. These walls must support their own weight for the height of the wall. A panel wall is supported at each story and self-supporting between stories. Both curtain walls and panel walls must be able to resist lateral forces, such as wind pressures. The walls transfer these forces to adjacent structural members. Several factors need to be considered in the design of 4″ curtain or panel walls. These factors include structural considerations, moisture control, and differential movement. Four-inch walls are designed as partially rein- forced walls. The horizontal joint reinforcement in the wall resists tensile stresses that result from lateral pressures as the wall spans horizontally between structural elements such as columns, pilas- ters, or cross walls. See Figure 14-3. Lateral loads caused by wind can be either pres- sure or suction. Therefore, walls must be designed to resist the assumed lateral load acting in either direction. The maximum area of reinforcement should be provided throughout the length of the wall. Lapping steel reinforcement a minimum of 16″ ensures the development of tensile stresses without exceeding the allowable bond stresses. Ladder- or truss-type joint reinforcement provides two longitudinal bars connected by cross wires. See Figure 14-4. The reinforcement should have mortar coverage on both top and bottom and should not be laid directly on top of the brick. For proper vertical placement, the reinforcement wires can be supported on small mortar pads placed prior to full bed-joint mortar placement. Water may penetrate a 4″ wall due to heavy rains driven by high winds. Water penetration can be managed by providing drainage space on the inside of the wall. This drainage space permits the water to flow to the flashing at the base and to be conducted back to the outside through weep holes. Another method is to apply a water barrier (parging) to the inside of the wall. Expansion joints may be located at or near corners, offsets, junctures, and openings. Since 4″ walls are considered to span horizontally, any expansion joints must be located at vertical supports. The maximum recommended spacing for expansion joints for 4″ walls is 100′ for a straight wall without openings. However, conditions may require expan- sion joints as close together as 40′. Hollow Masonry Walls Hollow masonry walls are walls built using solid or hollow masonry units, which are separated to form an inner and an outer wall. The two types of hollow masonry walls are cavity walls and masonry bonded type walls. Brick Industry Association Figure 14-3. Horizontal joint reinforcement is used between every other course in this single wythe wall. Brick Parging Horizontal steel