Interiors: Design, Process, and Practice, 2nd Edition Page 469 (481 of 718)

Chapter 13 Visual Communication: Drawings, Renderings, and Models 469 Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. One of the best ways to use colored pencils is over marker renderings. Pencils enhance marker color and define shape better. A sharp white or light-colored pencil works well to clean up edges of marker renderings. Ink Ink comes in refillable or disposable pens. Both pen types create excellent line work that reproduces well. Disposable technical pens are useful in creating line drawings. Felt-tip ink pens work well on colored render- ings to define edges. See Figure 13-40. Markers Today, markers are a favorite rendering medium in the design field. They do not require a great deal of setup or cleaning time and they come in an incredible range of colors. Tips vary from blunt to very fine. Some markers have multiple tips in one unit. The use of markers when rendering takes some skill. Without careful technique, application of marker color can give an image a “coloring book” look. Instead, apply marker color in layers. For instance, to create value— light and dark—contrast, apply a single marker color in layers. Layering gray marker under an appropriate color creates value or enriches color. When possible, apply marker strokes against a straightedge. Do not use metal or plastic edges as they can cause wet markers to smear. The best straightedge is a strip of mat board or illustration board that absorbs the excess marker as you run it along the edge. To also create value contrast or intensify a color, designers can also layer colored pencil and pastel media over marker color. See Figure 13-41. Jim Dawkins Figure 13-40 Ink renderings look great and reproduce well. What details do you see that ink captures readily? How could an ink rendering be helpful for client understanding of the design? Image by Jacqui McFarland Figure 13-41 With marker renderings, it is important to add the color in layers. What are the pros and cons of marker rendering? olkapooh/Shutterstock.com

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Chapter 13 Visual Communication: Drawings, Renderings, and Models 469 Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. One of the best ways to use colored pencils is over marker renderings. Pencils enhance marker color and define shape better. A sharp white or light-colored pencil works well to clean up edges of marker renderings. Ink Ink comes in refillable or disposable pens. Both pen types create excellent line work that reproduces well. Disposable technical pens are useful in creating line drawings. Felt-tip ink pens work well on colored render- ings to define edges. See Figure 13-40. Markers Today, markers are a favorite rendering medium in the design field. They do not require a great deal of setup or cleaning time and they come in an incredible range of colors. Tips vary from blunt to very fine. Some markers have multiple tips in one unit. The use of markers when rendering takes some skill. Without careful technique, application of marker color can give an image a “coloring book” look. Instead, apply marker color in layers. For instance, to create value— light and dark—contrast, apply a single marker color in layers. Layering gray marker under an appropriate color creates value or enriches color. When possible, apply marker strokes against a straightedge. Do not use metal or plastic edges as they can cause wet markers to smear. The best straightedge is a strip of mat board or illustration board that absorbs the excess marker as you run it along the edge. To also create value contrast or intensify a color, designers can also layer colored pencil and pastel media over marker color. See Figure 13-41. Jim Dawkins Figure 13-40 Ink renderings look great and reproduce well. What details do you see that ink captures readily? How could an ink rendering be helpful for client understanding of the design? Image by Jacqui McFarland Figure 13-41 With marker renderings, it is important to add the color in layers. What are the pros and cons of marker rendering? olkapooh/Shutterstock.com

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470 Interiors Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Blender markers look like other markers but contain a colorless solvent that breaks down pigment. To use a blender marker, rub it over a darker marker color—such as deep blue—to pick up the color and then dab it in a nearby location. This technique creates a lighter blue color without having to purchase another marker and also looks more like watercolor. The disadvantage of markers is that they dry up rather quickly. Keep caps on the markers when not in use. Because some markers can give off toxic fumes, use them in a well-ventilated area. Watercolor Watercolor is transparent, water-based pigment avail- able in tubes or cakes. Watercolors create beautiful renderings however, their use is difficult to master and time-consuming. Mix watercolor tube colors with water to use them in liquid form. The designer needs a watercolor brush to apply this liquid. Brushes are available in different sizes and tip types such as pointed, flat, and round. In addition, use of water- color requires special watercolor paper to handle the moisture created by the paint. Due to the time commitment, designers rarely use watercolor in the Schematic design phase. Instead, they use water- color renderings as final presentation drawings, Figure 13-42. olkapooh/Shutterstock.com Figure 13-42 Because watercolor renderings require much skill and are often time-consuming, interior designers typically use them for final presentation drawings. Designer Profi le Joshua Brewinski, Designer, on Successful Design As a designer for the company, Stantec ViBE, of Boulder, Colorado, Joshua’s current portfolio of design work spans 12 years, nine countries, and includes several million square feet of completed space. “It sounds so simple: a good, clear idea is the hallmark of any successful design. More often than not, though, those ideas cannot stand on words alone. How we communicate as designers requires a multi-sensory approach, depending in large part on our audience. It is up to us to cultivate and exercise, not only the verbal, but the visual tools most effective in refl ecting the desired outcomes of our clients, the aspirations of their stakeholders, and the vision of our design teams. From the napkin sketch, to the 3D rendered animation, and to the fi nal construction documents from which spaces are built, every line has meaning and every image has the potential to tell a story when words fall short.” You can read more about Joshua’s background in the Appendix. ALL IMAGES COPYRIGHT STANTEC—VISIONING, BRANDS, & EXPERIENCES, 2014

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468 Interiors Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. A rendering can be extremely refined and detailed or very loose and quickly completed. Quality differences depend on time. If you are making quick sketches during the Schematic design phase, a few marker and colored pencil strokes quickly communicates an idea to a team member or client. If more time is available, the client may be willing to pay for a more sophisticated rendering. A client typically incurs this type of expense for a very large project that requires communication to different constituents. For example, a town hall project for a nearby community requires a different level of refinement and sophistication. Importance of Light To be good at rendering, you must pay attention to light—where it lands, shifts, or falls off a surface. Both natural and electric light create shade, shadow, and textural effects. They both offer different colors that impact visual perceptions relating to time of day and mood of space. Therefore, the type of light, location of light source, and the material covering an object all impact the actual lighting of the object. Objects have shade in areas that receive light indirectly. Where something blocks light from hitting a surface of an object, shadows develop. To understand how light strikes or enhances pieces of furniture, you have to look at where and how the light is naturally achieved in inte- riors around you. Hence, you learn to see spaces in a different way. What to Render A designer can render just about every type of two- and three-dimensional drawing. Floor plans are a favorite because they assist the client in understanding types and color of flooring proposed for the space(s). Shade and shadow can be added to give it a three-dimensional quality. The designer can easily develop elevations and sections from a floor plan and enhance them with color, texture, and shadow. All orthographic projections require shadow during rendering. The designer should consider the location of shadows prior to rendering, and then render shad- ows in colored pencil, ink, or marker. The designer can also enhance paraline and perspective drawings with rendering. Manual drawings impress the client—espe- cially if the designer renders them. Rendering Media There are many types of art media the interior designer can use to render an image. No one item does every- thing well. Therefore, most renderings require the use of several types of media. Following are some basic items that are successful in rendering beautiful images. Pencil Non-colored renderings can be developed using graphite pencils. While they create subtle and beautiful drawings, they do not reproduce as well as ink. See Figure 13-39. Wax-based colored pencils are easiest to use when render- ing. To work well, the designer needs to layer or manipulate color pencils. Without layering, colored pencils look grainy because the color is connecting only with the top surface of the paper. Color-pencil blenders are colorless but work magic! They blend color pencil lines and smooth the layers. Colored-pencil renderings vary greatly based on type and texture of paper used. In addition, the way the designer holds the pencil and the type of stroke he or she uses produces different effects. psynovec/Shutterstock.com Figure 13-39 Pencil renderings are subtle and interesting drawings.

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Page 2Unit 1 Introduction to Interior Design click to expand contents

Page 172Unit 2 Design Fundamentals click to expand contents

Page 422Unit 3 Putting Knowledge into Practice click to expand contents

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