Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 481 Summary ■ The ability to graphically communicate ideas clearly, quickly, and with impact is the most important and often most difficult skill for interior design students to learn. ■ Four basic visual communication techniques include sketching, drafting, rendering, and modeling. ■ Learning to draw by hand well helps you to understand depth, proportion, and scale, resulting in better work with drawing and rendering software. ■ Digital tools include hardware—such as a computer, tablet, or peripherals—software, and cloud computing. ■ Types of drawings designers use in various phases of the design process include ideation, presentation, and construction. ■ Sketching and freehand sketching are tools designers use throughout the design process. ■ Three types of drawing systems include orthographic, paraline, and perspective. ■ Interior designers use perspective drawings to give clients and team members a more realistic view of an interior space. ■ Construction documents consist of contracts, working drawings, and specifications requirements for design projects. ■ Designers sequentially label and number the pages of a set of construction drawings using a standard language called architectural drawing conventions. ■ A set of construction drawings includes a title block on each page and follows specific lettering and drafting standards. ■ Digitally creating construction drawings allows the designer to work more quickly and efficiently. ■ Rendering brings a drawing to life—adding a three-dimensional human quality to a two- dimensional image. ■ Models allow interior designers and clients to study the volume of a space. ■ Rendered digital models offer lifelike simulations of a space, giving the clients maximum understanding. ■ Building information modeling (BIM) is a process that interfaces with certain software to help the design team and client evaluate all aspects of a project from design through construction and lifespan of the structure. Chapter Vocabulary Work in teams to locate a small image online that visually describes or explains each of the following terms. To create flashcards, write each term on a note card and paste the image that describes or explains the term on the opposite side. building information modeling (BIM) cloud computing construction drawing contract document drafting drawing convention elevation file management floor plan horizontal line ideation drawing isometric drawing legend model orthographic drawing paraline drawing peripherals perspective drawing photo tracing photorealism presentation drawing projection raster-based rendering section sketching surface modeling symbols title block vanishing point vector-based wireframe model Chapter 13 Review and Assess