21 Chapter Outline 2.1 Workplace Injuries 2.1.1 Electrical Shock 2.1.2 Burns 2.1.3 Eye Injury 2.1.4 Puncture Wound 2.1.5 Cuts 2.2 Working Safely 2.2.1 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) 2.2.2 Ladders and Scaff olding 2.2.3 Proper Tool Use 2.2.4 Safe Work Methods 2.3 Responding to an Accident 2.4 Hazardous Environments 2.4.1 Recognize the Hazard 2.4.2 Report the Hazard 2.4.3 Remove the Hazard 2.4.4 Review the Hazard 2.4.5 OSHA’s Construction Focus Four 2.5 Reference Objectives Information in this chapter will enable you to: • Understand the eff ects of electrical shock. • Describe conditions likely to aff ect the severity of an electrical shock. • List basic workplace safety rules. • Explain a lockout/tagout/blockout program. • Describe steps for helping a shock victim. • Identify common workplace hazards. Technical Terms arc fl ash blockout device electrical burn electrocution insulated tool lockout device personal protective equipment (PPE) tagout CHAPTER 2 Safety T his chapter teaches you the basics of work- ing safely in a residential wiring environ- ment. Knowledge of safety will boost your confi dence so that you may do your job well without fear or apprehension. However, be very careful about letting this confi dence turn into complacency. Shortcuts around safe practices quickly become shortcuts to disaster. 2.1 Workplace Injuries There are many types of injuries that may occur on the work site, the most obvious one being electrical shock. Other possible injuries include burns, eye wounds, punctures, cuts, and back injuries. The effects of these injuries range from stop- ping an installation because a cut needs to be bandaged to infl icting grief onto family and friends because carelessness caused a death. These are situations that you can avoid if you learn about safe methods, practice those meth- ods, and repeat the practice until safety becomes a habit. 2.1.1 Electrical Shock Electricity passing through the human body causes an electrical shock. The severity of a shock Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.