504 Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. J ust as GPS technology was quickly incorporated into our everyday lives, security, navigation, and advanced driver assistance systems have become standard equipment on many vehicles. These systems protect property and make our roadways safer by helping prevent collisions and improving driver performance. This chapter introduces the basic components and operation of security, navigation, and driver assistance systems. See Figure 38‑1. Vehicle Security Systems Today’s vehicle security systems consist of factory-installed immobilizers and alarms. The immobilizer disables the vehicle to prevent it from being started and stolen. The vehicle starts only when the correct key or fob is present. The alarm is armed by locking the doors with the key fob after all the doors, the hood, and the trunk or tailgate have been closed. The alarm will not arm if one of these is open. The ECM is triggered to sound the horn and flash the lights if someone tries to open a door, the hood, or the trunk or hatch without a key or correct key fob. Voice Activation Voice activation uses a microphone and computer to perform functions by reacting to spoken words. For example, if the driver tells the system to “call home,” the system will use data from the paired cell phone to dial the home phone number. The system can also be programmed to react to other words, such as dial, followed by a phone number or by the name of the person or place to call. Other voice commands might include change the radio station, mute the radio, or lock the doors. The micro- phone’s location varies by vehicle make and model, but it is often located on the rear-view mirror. Keys Many late-model vehicles are equipped with an electronic key fob that functions as a physical key or uses wireless technol- ogy to lock and unlock the doors. The key fob is small enough to fit in a pocket and can be attached to a key ring. The most basic fobs include buttons to unlock doors, open the trunk or hatch, and engage the horn. (The button for engaging the horn is referred to as the panic button.) Fobs may also allow the driver to start the car from a distance, open the windows, fold the side view mirrors, and remember seat settings. Some fobs even allow the user to open all the doors at once. See Figure 38‑2. Objectives After studying this chapter, you will be able to: ❯ ❯ Explain the operation of vehicle security systems. ❯ ❯❯ Explain the basics of voice activation. ❯❯ Identify types of keys and their operation. ❯ Explain the operation of vehicle navigation systems. ❯ ❯❯ Identify advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). ❯ Explain the operation of ADAS sensors and cameras. ❯ ❯ Service security, navigation, and driver assistance systems. Technical Terms active parking assistance system adaptive cruise control (ACC) advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) automatic emergency braking system (AEBS) automatic parking system autonomous vehicle backup camera blind spot warning system collision avoidance system driver monitoring system (DMS) forward collision warning (FCW) system global navigation satellite system (GNSS) global positioning system (GPS) infrared sensor key fob lane-keeping assistance system navigation system night vision systems (NVS) pedestrian detection system (PDS) proximity sensor radar sensor rear cross traffic alert (RCTA) remote keyless entry remote parking system road-departure assist system road sign recognition (RSR) system smart key system sonar sensor surround-view camera (SVC) trailer assist system transponder key ultrasonic sensor voice activation CHAPTER 38 Security, Navigation, and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems