vi Contents Unit 1 Children and Families in Today’s World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Chapter 1 Learning About Children . . . . . . . . 4 Lesson 1.1 Understanding Child Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Lesson 1.2 Recognizing Principles and Theories of Growth and Development . . 14 Lesson 1.3 Studying and Observing Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Chapter 2 New Directions in Learning . . . . . 34 Lesson 2.1 Brain Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Lesson 2.2 Acquiring Knowledge . . . . . . . . . 47 Chapter 3 Families Today . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Lesson 3.1 Healthy Family Development . . 62 Lesson 3.2 Family Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 Chapter 4 Preparing for Parenting . . . . . . . 86 Lesson 4.1 Deciding About Parenthood . . . . 88 Lesson 4.2 Parenting Roles, Responsibilities, and Styles. . . . . . . . . . . . 99 Unit 2 Pregnancy and Childbirth . . . . . 110 Chapter 5 Pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 Lesson 5.1 A Baby’s Beginning . . . . . . . . . . 114 Lesson 5.2 Factors That Affect the Unborn Baby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Lesson 5.3 Health Habits Prior to and During Pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 Chapter 6 Special Circumstances of Pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150 Lesson 6.1 Special Medical Concerns of Pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 Lesson 6.2 Teen Pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164 Chapter 7 Childbirth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Lesson 7.1 Decisions Concerning Childbirth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 Lesson 7.2 Time to Be Born . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186 Lesson 7.3 Newborn Medical Care and Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 Lesson 7.4 Postpartum Care . . . . . . . . . . . . 199 Unit 3 Infancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 Chapter 8 Physical Development in the First Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 Lesson 8.1 Growth and Development in the First Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 Lesson 8.2 Meeting Nutritional Needs in the First Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 Lesson 8.3 Meeting Other Physical Needs in the First Year. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231 Chapter 9 Intellectual Development in the First Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242 Lesson 9.1 How Children Learn in the First Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 Lesson 9.2 What Children Learn in the First Year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253 Lesson 9.3 Meeting Children’s Intellectual Needs in the First Year . . . . 264