Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 28 CNC Manufacturing Technology designers began using CNC lasers and water jets. A CNC laser is similar to a router or CNC mill, but it uses a laser cutting head to precision cut shapes to tolerances as close as ±0.002″. A water jet is similar to a laser, but it uses high-pressure water, up to 20,000 pounds per square inch (psi) to cut material up to 8″ thick. Both processes have faster speeds and minor mate- rial losses compared with earlier techniques, resulting in greater efficiency and cost reductions. 2.3 Careers in CNC Manufacturing Within every industry influenced by CNC, there are additional career opportunities. Careers in CNC manufacturing cover a wide range of skills and abilities. CNC machine operators, technicians, programmers, design- ers, inspectors, engineers, managers, and even teachers are needed in the rapidly growing manufacturing field. As this field becomes more technical, your ability to compete will be directly related to maintaining your educa- tion and specialized training. 2.3.1 CNC Machine Operator A machine operator is typically an entry-level employee responsible for the day-to-day operation of a CNC machine, Figure 2-14. Machine operators perform daily maintenance, including checking all fluid levels and initiat- ing pre-operation and start-up procedures. Operators must know how to properly load material into the work area and have a working knowledge of any fixtures or tooling being used. They must also be able to evaluate cutting tools for wear or damage. The most important task for an opera- tor is inspecting products as they are made. Operators are qualified to make adjustments to machines or tools to maintain the quality of the parts produced. Goodheart-Willcox Publisher Figure 2-14. A CNC mill operator performing a machining operation.