100 Unit 2 Nutrition and Food Choices Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. What Nutrients Does Your Body Need? Key Terms amino acid anemia carbohydrate cholesterol dehydration fat fat-soluble vitamin fi ber glucose glycogen hormone mineral nutrient osteoporosis protein saturated fat trans fat unsaturated fat vitamins water-soluble vitamin Key Points There are six main types of nutrients. These are including carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins, minerals, and water. Carbohydrates can be simple or complex and are a major source of energy for the body. Protein is used to build and maintain the body’s cells and tissues. Common dietary fats are saturated, unsaturated, or trans. Vitamins and minerals are involved in many processes throughout the body. Water is necessary for most body functions. Check Your Understanding 1. _____ are chemical substances found in foods that your body needs to grow and function properly. 2. Which of the following is a complex carbohydrate? A. starch B. glucose C. fi ber D. both A and C 3. True or false? Protein is made up of smaller units ? called incomplete proteins. 4. _____ are organic substances required by the body in small amounts. A. Minerals B. Vitamins C. Trans fats D. Amino acids Lesson 3.1 Chapter 3 Review and Assessment Lesson 3.2 5. Anemia is a condition resulting from insufficient _____. 6. What amount is recommended for daily fluid intake? fl 7. Which of the following statements is true about fi ber? A. Fiber is found only in plant-based foods. B. Fiber is a good source of energy for the body. C. Fiber binds cholesterol and prevents it from leaving the body. D. Fiber is a form of protein. 8. _____ are inorganic elements needed by your body in quantities of less than 100 milligrams daily. A. Water-soluble vitamins B. Amino acids C. Trace minerals D. Saccharides 9. Critical Thinking. If you were trying to determine whether a fat was saturated or unsaturated, what criteria could you use? Creating a Healthy Eating Plan Key Terms calorie metabolism nutrient-dense food overnutrition undernutrition Key Points Choose foods and beverages that are healthful. Be physically active on a daily basis. The MyPlate food guidance system is a guide for healthful eating. Both undernutrition and overnutrition can result in poor health. Check Your Understanding 10. What factors determine an individual’s daily calorie needs? 11. True or false? Whole fruit is more nutrient-dense ? than fruit juice. Assess Assess
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