100 Unit 2 Nutrition and Food Choices Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. What Nutrients Does Your Body Need? Key Terms amino acid anemia carbohydrate cholesterol dehydration fat fat-soluble vitamin fi ber glucose glycogen hormone mineral nutrient osteoporosis protein saturated fat trans fat unsaturated fat vitamins water-soluble vitamin Key Points • There are six main types of nutrients. These are including carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins, minerals, and water. • Carbohydrates can be simple or complex and are a major source of energy for the body. • Protein is used to build and maintain the body’s cells and tissues. • Common dietary fats are saturated, unsaturated, or trans. • Vitamins and minerals are involved in many processes throughout the body. • Water is necessary for most body functions. Check Your Understanding 1. _____ are chemical substances found in foods that your body needs to grow and function properly. 2. Which of the following is a complex carbohydrate? A. starch B. glucose C. fi ber D. both A and C 3. True or false? Protein is made up of smaller units ? called incomplete proteins. 4. _____ are organic substances required by the body in small amounts. A. Minerals B. Vitamins C. Trans fats D. Amino acids Lesson 3.1 Chapter 3 Review and Assessment Lesson 3.2 5. Anemia is a condition resulting from insufficient _____. 6. What amount is recommended for daily fluid intake? fl 7. Which of the following statements is true about fi ber? A. Fiber is found only in plant-based foods. B. Fiber is a good source of energy for the body. C. Fiber binds cholesterol and prevents it from leaving the body. D. Fiber is a form of protein. 8. _____ are inorganic elements needed by your body in quantities of less than 100 milligrams daily. A. Water-soluble vitamins B. Amino acids C. Trace minerals D. Saccharides 9. Critical Thinking. If you were trying to determine whether a fat was saturated or unsaturated, what criteria could you use? Creating a Healthy Eating Plan Key Terms calorie metabolism nutrient-dense food overnutrition undernutrition Key Points • Choose foods and beverages that are healthful. • Be physically active on a daily basis. • The MyPlate food guidance system is a guide for healthful eating. • Both undernutrition and overnutrition can result in poor health. Check Your Understanding 10. What factors determine an individual’s daily calorie needs? 11. True or false? Whole fruit is more nutrient-dense ? than fruit juice. Assess Assess