such as nicotine, getting more of that substance can seem more important than anything else. As a result, teens may lie to their parents, guardians, or friends or steal money to buy cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, vaping devices, or e-liquid. Lying and theft can cause long-term trust issues in a relationship and the community. In addition, teens who use tobacco model this behavior for others, which can lead others to develop addictions too. Because tobacco use harms people’s health, people may withdraw from teens who use tobacco products. People who use tobacco products may have to leave a social situation to smoke or vape and feel left out. Legal Consequences Teens who use tobacco can experience serious legal consequences. In the US, all states prohibit people under the age of 21 from buying tobacco products. Some cities, such as Beverly Hills in California, have banned the sale of tobacco products altogether. Teens who try to buy tobacco products or ask someone else to buy them may have to pay fines or perform community services. Some states suspend driving privileges for teens who illegally buy or possess tobacco products. Many schools have policies that prohibit use of cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, and vaping devices. Students who bring tobacco products to school or use them at school-sponsored events may face disciplinary actions and even suspension. Teens can also face legal consequences for using tobacco products in public places, including restaurants and workplaces. Secondhand Smoke and Aerosol People who use tobacco products are not the only ones at risk for negative health outcomes because of nicotine. Smoking and vaping both release substances into the air other people breathe. In the case of cigarette smoking, this substance is called secondhand smoke. People who regularly inhale secondhand smoke because they live or socialize with people who smoke have a greater risk of developing lung cancer or heart disease. Secondhand smoke is especially dangerous for fetuses, infants, and children (Figure 11.9). secondhand smoke smoke that people inhale involuntarily when someone nearby is smoking Secondhand Smoke During Pregnancy and Childhood Fetuses exposed to secondhand smoke during pregnancy ● ● receive nicotine and carbon monoxide through the placenta, which reduces the amount of oxygen passed to the fetus ● ● experience increased risk of death, premature birth, or low birthweight Babies and children exposed to secondhand smoke during pregnancy ● ● have an increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) ● ● commonly experience behavior-related issues, including attention deficit disorders, hyperactivity, and aggression Children exposed to secondhand smoke during childhood ● ● experience more respiratory conditions such as pneumonia, bronchitis, and asthma attacks ● ● have higher rates of sore throats and ear infections ● ● are more likely to develop smoking habits of their own Anucha Naisuntorn/Shutterstock.com Figure 11.9 Fetuses, infants, and children are especially vulnerable to secondhand smoke, throughout pregnancy and while they grow. Smoking also increases a pregnant person’s risk of miscarriage. Is secondhand aerosol dangerous for fetuses, infants, and children too? Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Chapter 11 Vaping and Tobacco 375