6
h
h
h
h
h
h
r
h
ways,
h
h
h
eys
h
h
h
States,
h
state
limited
h
h
Chapter
17
388
Social Studies: Electric
Today,
when
we see
h
are a
breakteeotric hr
ugh
idea.
h
h
s
h
conceptctufalllycpr1900s.dSeverorlepeoplelltrec
o
automobiles
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1800s
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h
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and
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h
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on
at
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h
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and
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h
h
andperformance
G R E E N T E C H
Manufacturers have
once
again been
working to
perfect
electriccars.Hybrid
vehicles operate on
gasoline and
electricity, but
completely electric
cars have
not yet
become
as
popular.
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being
improved in
order to compete
with gasoline and
hybrid vehicles.
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a r a r r e e e e
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h
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c a n c a n a n n
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et get get get get get get ge g g
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2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 200
s
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Chapter
620
Agriculture: Environmentally
There is
no
questionlop
h
uppli
hi
reason, we
need
to
d
we
useharms t h
e
envircenmfennepmlittteatfateetthebfarmrgestereseleasietogyhmilatmossinlatrurallydodairy-elyanirriaccurahateetmiraginaoeasrgestediendae,urtmmfugy.reneforfrcrneogeeafmtoowsce.dhtintoegyseeetrfrbUeinm!ndphnhilaesresweaoscgtpure,wastetayinltpigosts,atsececeatsabfiindretyrmegyrnefot.tsrFouoofrunnayllatahuatusatittfCnnehugnnomerbesndtataty.everninhinlo,tyhdettariciillristnfurmmacewaimpesoEnergyeaseflslesindlpulduceenmaofetoertooIttopinirfurdiyvginge.lilleeanrtngasesieeny. UsesiaeatnosseininrntswastefhgrfossgasfaoopvessimrmfulrmagoonasralaotesoefrmhacptmicndepeesslbetnsrolhfigesteoeoFriendlyftnohinnendsetottoDiasgyducateasraeuncrntoateoatelreurecbeoteeemloalanpwastenThoeoesatioittttooprsrmafekaclumursoeveetoso
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ow
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urn
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nd
h
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uch
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uc
te
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r r r r , , r r
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dl y dl y dl y dl y
t
i o
p t
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o
p t
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o
p t
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o
p t p
n n n n
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to to to o
p e
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t
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a n n n n
b b b be
inc
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ve
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be
to
u se
a
f a n
. Fa
n s
r e
quir e
much
l ess
t h
a
h
a a n n n n
a ir
c o
ndi t
i o
nin g
a
nd
a r e
e
qu a l
l y
easy to
u
se.
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ga in
,
e n n
v v v v i ir r o
nm
e n
ta
ll y
fri e
dl
y o
p t i
o n
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t h w
hich
yo
u c
a n
li ve
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te d
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t i
ve
f f
a
nd
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A h
yb
rid
ve
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ty
pi -
a a r r r p p p
e
rf o
rm a
nc e
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at o
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m
ob
il e,
b u t
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yb
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es a
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ob il
s.
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t h o
u g
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curr e
n t l y
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to
r e e
eg g g u g u
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es, t h
e c
ost
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ill c
o m
e d
ow
n
as m
o r
e
in n n n
t te te
r est
in
pur
as
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m .
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e
hi g h
ini t i a
l c
ost
i s a
l so
r r f
fu u u e e l
c
osts,
du
e
to t h
e
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gas
mil
eage.
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ur e
h
yb
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e
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ese n t
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te
chn o
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ogy t h
at
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m
ost
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dl
y a
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n
at i v e
to
ow
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ul a r
c a
r , r b
u t a
l so
t h
e m
ost
a n
nd nd d d d
c c o n
ve
ni e
n t .
75
Describe t h
e
process
ofhowelectricalpowerisstgeyerateerUnitedrr.States.
n
d
usingnuclear
fission
as
an
energy
source.
Discuss t h e
history of t
h e
nuclearpoweated r
indu
r
in
t h
List t
h e
environmtntalcorfuelis
e
ncerns
associ
withnucleaplansfo
powe
Identifyhow
spen
nuclea
stored
today
and
state
future
storage.
DescribethemajordifneinnceUnitodontinuetotoay.
ow
nuclearfuelisprbetweed.t
e
oduce
Explain
h
f
r
es n
h
e
types
ofnuclearreactordesasnnin
ig s
commercial
operatio
t h
te
States
d
Summarize
whyitisnecessary c
explorenuclearfusIntermediate,
ion
a
energy
source.
Analyze t h
e t r
ade-offs
associated
with
t h e
use
ofnuclearpower,in
comparisoatehoweserves.reactingcouldmultiply
n
to
generatingrpower
via
othermeans.
Demonstraniumr
breede
t h
e
energythealtopics potenti
of
provenur
Nuclearmeargy,
en
sometimesreaerrreactirynoett
ef
ed
to as
atomic
energyeiradiienuclear
,
s t h
energy
releasedffroaterinlethmdineavoelvesfusinndoymsmhountoo.fThetogeteerrrasnd
ato
nucl
r
o
r
hr
ough
t h
oactive
decay o
m
as.Therinar
two
prima
ods f
creatingetne
reactione
s.
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o
g two
aller
atoms h
to
produc
onelargeratom
and
a t r
eme
us am
energy.T
Thi
method,esentlyinusettingaolducetrcoatoeneertoprThisprocesssmaknown
knownas
nuclear
fusion,iomm
s onl
in
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stages
isnotprinvolves
to
pr
rcialpowertwo
oth
method
spli
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m
oduce
ll
atomsand
a t r
emendousamoun
f
gy.
is
75
o o o to
a
c t
r r r d
es i
g n s
in
r
i o
s
i
u s u s fu u f
n
as
a n
eConcepts
e we w we ow
r , r
in
r
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g
p
ote n
p
t
i a l
o f
t h h e h e e e
e n
e r
e
gy
a
d di o o o o
a c t
i v
a
e
n
g g g
nucl e
n n
a
r
et t
og
ge h
e r
h h
to
r y gy gy y
. .
y y y y
Thi s
T
a
ag g ge ge es
sta
a
nd
e r r
h
e
h h
e
t h ot
l ll ll
a l a l
m
a
e e r
i
s n
ow
n
n kn k kn k
Basic,
and Advanced
identify
covered
and goals to be
achieved by stu-
dents at varying
levels.
Kinetic
Energyisoftendlectricplantoweproducmplesriciiwinetic
Kinetic energy
efined
as
energyinmotieoec.tThetwis
n
watertexatmple
h
spinsa t
ur
binein
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hydroe
to
e l
ty
an
a
ofkineticraediarntenergyfrom ne
gy.
The
wind t h
at
canp
r
a
windmill
or
ind
generato.r
and t
h e
t
h
e
sun
are
also
exa
ofk
kin
energy.
Forms of Energy
As we
justdiscussedgyenergyiatedhtortpefontianofwrnetict.eotefngylss
,
s
eit e
ote
l
r
kinareenertia
P
energyandkineticrgyerroundreslcomesindiffeIrteretprormntsTheseasotsrmallare
en
are
h
rm
in
hich
h
i
found.ows:t All h
e
ene
a
u
s.
as
foll
•
Light
energy
is
energy
visible to t
h
e eye.
a
very m
portion
of
allradiantterumgy,
ner
whichcollectivelyisknowngerwe
n
h
electromagn,aicsoprecfergy.dThisrilainfrared
et
s
.
•
Heat
energy
l
e
erre
to
as
energy,gtasdoes
h
a
lo
wave-
length t
h
anlightcentainmate e
onger
wavelenastheadilynastliaghteasured ot
llowheat
to
pass t hr
ough
r
ls,like
glass,eye,,rbutitcan
does.
Heat
energytempererure.ergyproducmplbymevicaes,likeevter
isgen
allynot
visible to
the
be m
in
terms of
at
•
Mechanical
energyis en
ed
ech
nicald
ices,
such
as
gears,pulleys,levers,
ormoreco
exd
in
rnalcom-
bustion
engines.
•
Chemical
energyisbstancrmFoseinmoune,5f0heThesefeentries
t h
e te
u
d
to
descriiberelatedlghterms.
t
h e
potential
energy
lockedewotfhinoducin1ggallonmferefineciatedtiinbesocie
i
a
su
e. r
stanc
lbs..
ofregyoak15
d
mi
t be
capablradecoal
pr
t h
e sa
a
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eat
ener
as
bs.
of
high-g
or
o
d
heat
g
oil.
•
Elect
rical
energydset
i
h
e
energyassontemp
with
t h e
flow o
lectrons.
Electricityifsouseconxteniseinceyaincoances..poreference
n
vel
rary
ety to
power
t h e
majority o
ur
ve
ppli
Kineticenergy:ion.
Energyinmot
Light
energy:
Energy
visibleto
the eye.
Heat
energy:
Energy
with
a
longer
wavelengy.h
gt
thanlighetrallernot
en
Itis gen
y
visibletonthemea-
eye,
butitca
be
suredinattermAlso
s of
tempeeduras
r
e.
referr
to
infrared energy.
Mechanical energy:
Energychanicalas
produced
by
me
devices,
such
gears,pullmore
eys,
levers,eoxrdevical
compl
es,
suchasstionrn inte
combu
engines.
Chemical
energy:
Thepoteontied al
energyl
ck
within
a
substance.
Chapter 2
42
Geologists
A
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sci
tificmethnship
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y
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ir r
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e
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toolin
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o
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In
man
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ases, a geoldata,
ogist
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s t im
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lpstto
gather
envirmmunicates
onmental
and
it
is
also
ben
for
pr
g
atural
sasters. A
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research
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chnic
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Th h h e h e e e e
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r r w w w w w w
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