100 Unit 2 Nutrition and Food Choices
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
What Nutrients Does Your Body Need?
Key Terms
amino acid
anemia
carbohydrate
cholesterol
dehydration
fat
fat-soluble vitamin
fi ber
glucose
glycogen
hormone
mineral
nutrient
osteoporosis
protein
saturated fat
trans fat
unsaturated fat
vitamins
water-soluble vitamin
Key Points
• There are six main types of nutrients. These are
including carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamins,
minerals, and water.
• Carbohydrates can be simple or complex and are a
major source of energy for the body.
• Protein is used to build and maintain the body’s
cells and tissues.
• Common dietary fats are saturated, unsaturated, or trans.
• Vitamins and minerals are involved in many
processes throughout the body.
• Water is necessary for most body functions.
Check Your Understanding
1. _____ are chemical substances found in foods that
your body needs to grow and function properly.
2. Which of the following is a complex carbohydrate?
A. starch
B. glucose
C. fi ber
D. both A and C
3. True or false? Protein is made up of smaller units
called incomplete proteins.
4. _____ are organic substances required by the
body in small amounts.
A. Minerals
B. Vitamins
C. Trans fats
D. Amino acids
Lesson 3.1
Chapter 3
Review and Assessment
Lesson 3.2
5. Anemia is a condition resulting from insuffi cient
_____.
6. What amount is recommended for daily fl uid intake?
7. Which of the following statements is true about
fi ber?
A. Fiber is found only in plant-based foods.
B. Fiber is a good source of energy for the body.
C. Fiber binds cholesterol and prevents it from
leaving the body.
D. Fiber is a form of protein.
8. _____ are inorganic elements needed by your
body in quantities of less than 100 milligrams daily.
A. Water-soluble vitamins
B. Amino acids
C. Trace minerals
D. Saccharides
9. Critical Thinking. If you were trying to determine
whether a fat was saturated or unsaturated, what
criteria could you use?
Creating a Healthy Eating Plan
Key Terms
calorie
metabolism
nutrient-dense food
overnutrition
undernutrition
Key Points
• Choose foods and beverages that are healthful.
• Be physically active on a daily basis.
• The MyPlate food guidance system is a guide for
healthful eating.
• Both undernutrition and overnutrition can result in
poor health.
Check Your Understanding
10. What factors determine an individual’s daily calorie
needs?
11. True or false? Whole fruit is more nutrient-dense
than fruit juice.
Assess
Assess