280 Unit 4 Understanding and Avoiding Hazardous Substances
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
The Health Effects of Tobacco
Key Terms
asthma
carbon monoxide
carcinogens
chronic bronchitis
chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease
(COPD)
emphysema
leukoplakia
nicotine
secondhand smoke
smokeless tobacco
tar
tobacco
Key Points
• Nicotine is the addictive substance that makes
tobacco products diffi cult to quit using.
• Tobacco use impacts the cardiovascular system by
increasing the speed and pressure of blood fl ow,
which makes the heart work harder to pump blood
and damages the blood vessels.
• Tobacco use and smoke can lead to increased risk
factors for respiratory diseases and illnesses.
• Smokeless tobacco is just as addictive as cigarettes.
• Secondhand smoke causes long-term illnesses
and diseases and is particularly harmful for
pregnant women, infants, and children.
Check Your Understanding
1. The addictive, toxic substance present in all
tobacco products is called _____.
A. nicotine
B. tar
C. adrenaline
D. carbon monoxide
2. A _____ is a cancer-causing agent.
A. carcinogen
B. stimulant
C. blood clot
D. leukoplakia
3. Which of the following is not a form of smokeless
tobacco?
A. chewing tobacco
B. snuff
C. hookah
D. dissolvable tobacco
Lesson 9.1
Chapter 9
Review and Assessment
4. The condition characterized by thickened, white,
leathery-looking spots on the inside of the mouth is
called _____.
A. chronic bronchitis
B. emphysema
C. gum disease
D. leukoplakia
5. True or false? Exposure to secondhand smoke
does not have major health consequences.
6. Critical Thinking. If you had a close friend or
family member who smoked, how might you advise
him or her to quit smoking?
Why People Use Tobacco
Key Terms
addiction
dependence
peer pressure
substance abuse
tolerance
withdrawal
Key Points
• The four stages of substance abuse are
experimentation, regular use, tolerance, and
dependence and addiction.
• People who are addicted to a substance have both
a physical and psychological dependence on that
substance.
• Identity exploration is one factor that leads people
to begin using tobacco.
• Attitudes of friends and family toward tobacco use
strongly infl uence an individual’s attitudes toward
tobacco use.
• Tobacco use in the media may encourage tobacco
use among adolescents.
Check Your Understanding
7. Smoking a cigarette “just to try it” is an example
of behavior in the fi rst stage of substance abuse,
called _____.
A. dependence
B. tolerance
C. regular use
D. experimentation
Lesson 9.2
Assess
Assess