Chapter 13 Creating Solutions
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of color. The dot method uses different
amounts of dots to show light and dark
areas. See Figure 13-24. The more
dots an area has, the darker it is. Pens
are normally used for dot shading. Line
shading is done with different-width lines.
The darker areas are shaded with thicker
lines. Both of these methods work well for
shading a rounded object.
Shadowing
Once the object is shaded, the designer
adds the shadow. Shadowing shows how
light is cast around an object. This tech-
nique is normally done using a pencil. The
shadow is placed on the opposite side
of the light source. If the light is coming
from the front, left side of the object, the
shadow is placed on the back, right side.
The shadow should follow the rough shape
of the object. Shading and shadowing take
a lot of practice to perfect. The best way to
practice shading and shadowing is to look
at objects around the room and sketch
them. Examine the objects to see how
the light hits them. Try to add shading and
shadows to the sketches.
Types of Sketches
There are several ways sketches can
be drawn. The three most common types
of sketches are isometric, oblique, and
perspective sketches. Any of these types
of sketches can be used to create rough
or refined sketches. All these types are
drawn using the same basic process.
Isometric Sketches
The most popular type of pictorial
sketch is an isometric sketch. Isometric
drawings show the front, top, and sides
of an object, just as the eye sees them.
Isometric sketches can be drawn with
great detail and accuracy. They can also
be drawn in rough form. See Figure 13-25.
Isometric sketches use the isometric
axes described earlier in this chapter.
The sketches are created using different
shapes. Experienced designers are able
to create isometric sketches quickly and
easily.
Figure 13-24. Drawings can also be shaded
dots. (Keith Nelson)
Figure 13-25. Isometric sketches are angled
to show three sides of the object. (Design Central,
design firm; Artromick International, client)