74 Chapter 4 Hand Tools
Section 4.3 Section 4.3
Hand Planes
Objectives
After studying this section, you will be able to:
• Demonstrate the proper method for
adjusting the depth of cut on a hand plane.
• Demonstrate the use of hand planes to
square a board.
• Demonstrate the use of hand planes to cut a
chamfer.
• Demonstrate the use of hand planes to cut a
rabbet.
• Demonstrate the method for sharpening
plane irons.
Technical Terms
bevel
block plane
chamfer
chamfer plane
fore plane
grinding
honing
jack plane
jointer plane
rabbet plane
radius plane
router plane
smooth plane
squaring up
working surface
Reading Prep
Before you read this section, skim through
it briefl y and identify any words you
do not know. Record these words on a
separate piece of paper. As you read the
section, use the context of the sentences to
try to determine what each word means.
Use a dictionary or the glossary for extra
assistance.
A plane is used to remove mill marks from
the surfaces and edges of stock. Mill marks are
repeating bumps made by the cutting knives of
a planer or jointer, Figure 4-34. A plane may also
be used to remove warp and other surface im-
perfections from the stock.
Planes are frequently overlooked in the con-
struction of a product. However, without straight,
level surfaces, edges, and ends, it would be very
diffi cult to make all the parts of a product meet
at the correct angles. For example, if stock is not
planed, you could end up with a lopsided book-
case or a drawer that won’t slide smoothly.
All types of planes operate basically the
same way. Cutting is done with a sharp steel
bladelike device called a plane iron. Various sizes
and types of planes are available, Figure 4-35.
Mill marks
Figure 4-34. Mill marks have to be removed from
the surface of the wood by planing or sanding.
Figure 4-35. Every shop should have at least one or
two hand planes.
Goodheart-Willcox Publisher
Goodheart-Willcox Publisher