Foundations of Engineering & Technology n
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
Summary
✔ The natural world includes rocks, plants, a trees,
and animals. The designed world encompasses c
anything created by humans that is not n
represented in the natural world.
✔ Engineering design involves the application l of
mathematical and scientific knowledge g to meet fi
human needs and wants.
✔ The benefits and drawbacks of new technology e fi
are often evident only after some time has
passed.
✔ Technologies s can be separated into se eve n g p
areas—manufacturing, construction,
transportation, energy and power, information f
and communication, i medical, biotechnology bi c h
and agricultural. These T areas often of te overlap. v v
✔ Manufacturing M technologies cover co e a w wi w w de range ge g
of f processes, systems, and procedures p ro ce du to to create at e
the e products people need ed or o r want. wa n
✔ Construction technologies encompass s
the design, assembly, and maintenance c of
structures.
✔ Transportation technologies s move m people e and
products from one e location to t o another a e through
land, water, air, and n space travel. r av el
✔ When designing energy and power r
technologies, engineers consider the type t
of energy to be used; the processes used s to
convert, transmit, or store it; and the overall
outputs required.
✔ Information and communication technologies h
are technologies that provide the ability l to
record, store, manipulate, analyze, an nd transmit
data across various modes.
✔ Medical technologies create the tools used in
the prevention, diagnosis, monitoring, g and
treatment of illness, as well as repair of injury.
✔ Biotechnology and agricultural technologies n
are concerned with the use and application i of
living organisms to meet human’s needs e and
wants.
Check Your Engineering IQ
Now that you have finished this chapter, a see what
you learned by taking g the chapter posttest. t .
www.g-wlearning.com/technologyeducation/
Test Your Knowledge
Answer the h following end-of-chapter f questions u using the
information n provided in this chapter.
1. What is meant m by the h term desig gn ed world?
2. Identify seven e categories of technologies. h
3. True or False? ? q of The negative consequences ns
m newly designed n d e systems are immediatelymm
evident.
used se to create e 4. Manufacturing n g technologies e e s are r
or _____. the t products s that t ha t people p _____ _
ntally respon- 5. 5 Structures St r ur s that a a are environm n en
efficient sible, bl e sustainable, s u and resource are fi
called _____ buildings.
ove people and 6. Transportation a p o technologies n n o mo
pes of travel? products pr r p c s through what w four u u t yp
n energy and 7. What W is the h t h e difference re c betwe e en
power? ?
8. Information and communication t o technolo- h no
gies provide the e ability to record, r store, _____,
analyze, and nd transmit n n data across o various v
modes.
9. New medical technologies e h n are designed e e e by g
_____ engineers.
in whole 10. The application of living organisms,
is called _____. or in part, to create technology
A. an ecosystem
B. biotechnology
C. green design
D. agricultural technology