158 GMAW/FCAW Handbook Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Summary • All welds have discontinuities (fl aws). A flaw fl fl becomes a defect when it affects the usability and performance of the product. • A test weld and the required weld should have the same joint design, metal type, and material thickness. • Two types of inspection are used for weld testing. Nondestructive testing of a weld or assembly verifi quality without causing damage to the fies weldment. Destructive testing determines the physical properties of a weld and is used to verify welding procedures and qualify welders. • Nondestructive inspection methods include visual, liquid penetrant, magnetic particle, ultrasonic, and radiographic inspection. These methods can identify both surface and internal defects. • Certain defects are common to particular welds. These defects and corrective actions are similar for GMAW and FCAW. • More than one corrective action may be needed for any given defect. Review Questions Answer the following questions using the information provided in this chapter. 1. What is a qualifi ed welding procedure? fi 2. _____ inspection is done by looking at the weld to determine surface irregularities. 3. _____ inspection uses an electric current and ferromagnetic material to detect discontinuities. 4. _____ inspection uses high-frequency sound waves for locating discontinuities. 5. Weld metal that has fl owed over the edge of the fl joint and improperly fused with the base metal is referred to as _____. 6. How can whiskers be avoided? 7. Molten metal that is expelled from the weld pool is called _____. 8. Pieces of weld wire that extend through the weld joint are called _____. 9. What are three ways to avoid burn-through in a fi llet weld? fi 10. What are three ways to prevent cracking in a plug weld?