18
Part 1 The Importance of Food
Government
The government has a large impact on the food supply. Laws govern the way
foods are grown, processed, packaged, and labeled. Strict guidelines keep foods safe.
Government policies affect foods exported to and imported from other countries.
Two key federal agencies oversee the food supply in the United States. The United
States Department of Agriculture (USDA) enforces standards for the quality and
wholesomeness of meat, poultry, and eggs. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
ensures the safety and wholesomeness of all other foods. The FDA inspects food
processing plants, too. These agencies are responsible only for foods shipped across
state lines. Foods sold within the state in which they are produced are controlled by
state agencies.
Sustainability
Just as the envi-
ronment can affect
crop growth, crop
growth can affect the
environment. Soil
that is overworked by
farmers can lose its
ability to support crops in the future. Watering crops
can strain water reserves in areas where there is not
enough rain. In addition, chemicals used in farming
sometimes get into water supplies. Tainted water
affects the plants and animals that live in and around
it. That is why practicing sustainable agriculture is so
important.
Sustainability is not just an issue for farmers. It
relates to all areas of society. Companies can make
sustainable choices in the way they do business.
For instance, they can purchase supplies from local
and regional sources. This decreases the distance
supplies have to be transported. This, in turn, lessens
the amount of pollution created by shipping vehicles.
Manufacturers can reduce the amount of material
they use to package products. This will cut down on
the amount of package waste that ends up in landfi lls.
As a consumer, you can also make sustainable
choices that help care for the planet. When choosing
foods, you can buy fruits and vegetables that are
grown in your region. Better yet, you can plant a
garden and grow some of your own food. Stock up
on fresh foods when they are in season. Then you
may freeze, can, or dry them for later use. Eat a diet
focused on plant foods, as more energy is required to
produce meat. Limit the number of trips you make to
the store or carpool to the store with a friend. Choose
products that are less processed and have less pack-
aging. All these steps will help reduce the impact you
make on the environment.
Global Perspective
Agricultural Research Service, USDA
The use of high-tech irrigation systems helps farmers
make the best use of limited water resources.