Table of Contents vii Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Chinaview/Shutterstock.com Unit 1 Getting Started in the Kitchen . . . . . .2 Chapter 1 Food Affects Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 The History of Food . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Making Choices About Foods . . . . . . . . . . 5 Physical Infl uences on Food Choices . . . . 7 Social Infl uences on Food Choices . . . . . . 8 Psychological Infl uences on Food Choices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Factors That Affect the Food Supply . . . 16 Chapter 2 Safety and Sanitation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Foodborne Illnesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Four Steps to Food Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Safety in the Kitchen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Chapter 3 Basic Skills and Equipment . . . . . . . . . .42 Measuring Ingredients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Kitchen Utensils . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Knives and Knife Skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 Cooking and Baking Equipment . . . . . . 55 Chapter 4 Recipes and Work Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . .64 Using Recipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Microwave Recipes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 Using a Time-Work Schedule . . . . . . . . . 80 Chapter 5 Preparing Simple Recipes . . . . . . . . . . . .86 Making Every Recipe Simpler . . . . . . . . 87 Snacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Sandwiches and Wraps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Pizza . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91 Beverages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 FamVeld/Shutterstock.com Unit 2 Nutrition and Wellness . . . . . . . . . . .98 Chapter 6 The Energy Nutrients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100 The Nutrients . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 Carbohydrates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 Fats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Proteins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108 Digestion and Absorption . . . . . . . . . . . .111 Metabolism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 Chapter 7 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water . . . . . . .116 Vitamins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 Minerals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 Dietary Supplements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 Chapter 8 Making Healthy Choices . . . . . . . . . . . .134 Benefi ts of Healthy Choices . . . . . . . . . . 135 Resources for Making Healthy Food Choices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137 Contents