Chapter 6 The Evolution of Exteriors
181
The name “Craftsman” came from
the title of a popular magazine published
between 1901 and 1916 by Gustav Stickley—
the famous furniture designer. At that
time, a true Craftsman-style house was
built strictly according to plans published
by Stickley. Gradually, other magazines,
mail-order houses, and builders began to
publish plans with their own Craftsman-
like details, modifying and often diluting
the true Craftsman style.
Characteristics of a Craftsman-style
house include a low-pitched roof, wide
eaves with triangular brackets, exposed
roof rafters, and wood, stone, or stucco
siding. Craftsman houses feature stone
porch supports with thick, square or
round columns and exterior chimneys
made of stone. The fl oor plans are open, fl
with few hallways. These structures use
beamed ceilings and many windows.
Some windows feature stained glass or
leaded-glass designs.
Bungalow
Built between 1905 and 1930, the
bungalow style house expressed the
simple and economical ideals of the Arts
and Crafts Movement. A
bungalow
is one
w
and a half stories with a low-pitched
roof, horizontal shape, and a covered
front porch. Sometimes the porch is
enclosed. The bungalow is usually made
of wood or brick. The shingled roof
extends beyond the walls. Windows are
set high to allow the placement of furni-
ture beneath them. Most of the living
spaces are on the ground floor. The fl
fl oor plan features a living room at the fl
center and connecting rooms without
hallways. The design of the floor plan fl
is very efficient with such features as
built-in cabinets, shelves, and seats. The
California Bungalow is similar in design,
but larger, 6-18.
International Style
The most dramatic architectural
style of the Modern movement is the
International
style. It is a style of archi-
tecture and furniture design that began
in the 1900s, influenced strongly by fl
Bauhaus. Bauhaus was the German state
school of design that merged art and
technology. It focused on emphasizing
the simplicity of design and eliminating
unnecessary elements.
International style is a blend of ideas
from four leading architects of the early
twentieth century:
6-18
Bungalows
typically have
low-pitched roofs
and covered
porches as is
characteristically
found in this
California
bungalow.