178 Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
Figure 5.20 Muscles of the upper limb.
Figure 5.21 Muscles of the Upper Limb
Muscle Location Primary Functions
Shoulder Muscles
Pectoralis
major
upper chest; connects sternum, shoulder
girdle, and upper ribs to proximal humerus
adduction and fl exion of arm
Deltoid covers external shoulder; connects scapula
and clavicle to humerus
abduction, fl exion, extension, and rotation
of arm
Latissimus
dorsi
midback and lower back; connects lower
vertebral column and lower ribs to the
humerus
extension, adduction, and medial rotation
of arm
Elbow Muscles
Biceps brachii anterior arm; connects scapula to radius fl exion, and assists with supination of forearm
Brachialis connects upper arm to forearm (humerus
to ulna)
fl exion of forearm
Brachioradialis connects upper arm to forearm (humerus to
radius)
fl exion of forearm
Triceps brachii posterior arm; connects scapula and
humerus to ulna
extension of forearm
Scapula
Clavicle
Humerus
Latissimus dorsi
Lateral
head
Deltoid
Sternum
Pectoralis major
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
A. Anterior view B. Posterior view
Triceps
brachii
Long
head
Label Art