Chapter 7 The Sensory Systems 283 Analyze and Apply 10. Explain the relationship between hearing and the brain. 11. Using a T-chart similar to the one in Figure 7.17, list the differences between otitis externa, otitis media, and labyrinthitis. Figure 7.17 Goodheart-Willcox Publisher 12. What kind of surgery is sometimes necessary for infants and toddlers who have otitis media, and why does this help? 13. Use the internet to research the three main types of hearing aids: BTE, RIC, and ITE hearing aids. Explain how each type functions. 14. Using a Venn diagram, compare and contrast the advantages and disadvantages of wireless versus non- wireless hearing aids. Discuss your findings and how each would be beneficial to the following groups of individuals with hearing loss: young children, elderly, individuals without health insurance, and individuals of low socioeconomic status in developing countries. 15. Consider the effect of chronic exposure to loud noises on human hearing. What effect would this have on a musician who plays electric guitar in live rock concerts over a 20-year career? How could the musician lower the risk of negative effects? 16. Research the average decibel level of each of the sounds listed below. Create a chart to show the decibel level of each and the effect it would have on hearing over time. • whisper • commercial plane taking off or landing nearby • hair dryer on high setting • fireworks • normal conversation 17. Today's portable electronic devices make it easy to listen to music, podcasts, videos, and movies wherever you may be. This generally includes attaching earphones or earbuds to the device so that you can listen without disturbing others. However, research has shown that using earphones or earbuds can be hazardous if they are not used properly. Conduct research to find out more about using earphones safely. What factors should be considered? Create a brochure recommending safe earphone practices. Use your imagination to illustrate the brochure and make it interesting and eye-catching so that middle school and high school students will be more likely to read the brochure. 18. Research the products and services available for either deafness or otitis media. Collect promotional materials for a variety of products and services from product manufacturers and medical clinics. Analyze the data in these materials based on the knowledge gained from this lesson. Make inferences about the products and services and create an electronic presentation to recommend the best ones to the class. 19. Design an experiment to test the hearing of gerbils. Document the procedure you would use. Identify how you would use controls (some of the gerbils) to make sure that your test is valid. Identify both dependent and independent variables in your experiment. If possible, carry out your experiment, being careful not to harm the animals in any way. Record your results in a formal lab report. Be sure to include enough information that other people can repeat your experiment and verify your results. 20. One hearing screening test that is commonly used in physician offices is the Rinne hearing test. In this test, a tuning fork is used to test a person's hearing in one ear using both bone conduction and air conduction of sound. Conduct research to find out more about how this test works. Then, working with a partner, conduct a Rinne hearing test using a 512 Hz tuning fork and a watch with a second hand. Procedure: 1. Decide who will be the patient and who will be the examiner. 2. The patient sits in a chair in a quiet environment and covers one ear with his or her hand. 3. The examiner strikes the tuning fork against the leg or palm to make it start vibrating. 4. The examiner places the tuning fork against the patient's mastoid process and notes the exact time. 5. The patient reports when the sound can no longer be heard the examiner notes the number of seconds that have passed and moves the tuning fork over the ear canal, without touching it. 6. The patient reports when the sound can no longer be heard the examiner notes this time as well. 7. The examiner records both times on a lab sheet. 8. Repeat steps 3 through 7 for the patient's other ear. 9. Switch places so that the patient becomes the examiner and the examiner becomes the patient. 10. Repeat steps 2 through 8. 11. Organize your results and write a lab report documenting the purpose of a Rinne test, your method, your data, and your results and conclusions. IN THE LAB Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.