294 CHAP T ER 7 Review LESSON 7.1 The Eye Key Points • Exterior structures of the eye include the bony orbital socket and other protective structures, as well as several types of glands that produce secretions to lubricate and protect the eye. Internal structures include the sclera, cornea, pupil, lens, retina, and aqueous and vitreous humor. • Accommodation is a change in the shape of the lens to allow for near and distant vision. • Problems commonly associated with the eye include myopia, hyperopia, presbyopia, conjunctivitis, and glaucoma. LESSON 7.2 The Ear Key Points • The ear is divided into three parts—the external ear, middle ear, and internal ear. • The two main functions of the ear are hearing and maintaining equilibrium. • Disorders and infections of the ear include deafness, tinnitus, otitis externa, otitis media, and labyrinthitis. LESSON 7.3 Smell and Taste Key Points • In the olfactory sense, or sense of smell, the olfactory receptor cells send impulses to the olfactory nerve, which then sends the stimuli to the olfactory cortex of the brain for interpretation. • In the gustatory sense, or sense of taste, taste buds collect information and send it to the brain to be interpreted together with information from other senses, including the olfactory sense. Key Terms aqueous humor choroid ciliary body ciliary glands cones conjunctiva cornea extrinsic muscles iris lacrimal glands lens optic chiasma optic nerve optic tracts pupil retina rods sclera suspensory ligaments tarsal glands vitreous humor Key Terms auditory canal auricle bony labyrinth ceruminous glands cochlea cochlear duct endolymph Eustachian tube incus malleus membranous labyrinth organ of Corti ossicles oval window perilymph semicircular canals stapes tympanic cavity tympanic membrane vestibule vestibulocochlear nerve Key Terms antihistamines gustatory sense histamines limbic system olfactory bulb olfactory hairs olfactory nerve olfactory region olfactory sense papillae septum tastants taste buds taste pores Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.