Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
Chapter 2 The Skeletal System 43
Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.
Chapter 2 The Skeletal System 43
Disease/Condition Defi nition
bunion
BUN-yun
Joint swelling at the base of the
great toe, caused by infl ammation
of the bursa.
bursitis
bur-SIGH-tis
burs/o = bursa (sac of fl uid near
a joint)
-itis = infl ammation
Infl ammation of the bursa, usually
between bony protrusions and
muscle or tendon. Examples include
rotator cuff injury in the shoulder,
tennis elbow, and knee injury.
chondromalacia
KAHN-droh-muh-LAY-shee-uh
chondr/o = cartilage
-malacia = softening
Softening of the cartilage.
dislocation Total displacement of a bone from
its joint; luxation.
fracture A break in a bone.
Colles (KAH-leez) fracture A fracture of the distal radius (bone
on the thumb side of the forearm)
that results from a fall onto an
outstretched hand.
comminuted (KAH-mih-
NEW-ted) fracture
A bone that has splintered or has
been crushed (Figure 2.12).
compound fracture A broken bone with an open
wound leading to the site of the
fracture, or bone that protrudes
through the skin; also called open
fracture (Figure 2.13).
greenstick fracture An incomplete fracture; the bone
is bent and partially broken. This
type of fracture occurs primarily in
children (Figure 2.14).
longitudinal fracture A fracture that runs parallel to the
long axis of the bone (Figure 2.15).
oblique (ahb-LEEK)
fracture
A break across the bone at an angle
(Figure 2.16).
pathologic fracture A fracture resulting from pressure
on weakened bone; due to
osteoporosis or cancer, for instance
(Figure 2.17).
simple fracture A broken bone that does not
penetrate the skin; also called closed
fracture (Figure 2.18).
spiral fracture A fracture in which the bone has
been twisted apart; a common sports
injury (Figure 2.19).
Figure 2.12 Comminuted
fracture.
Figure 2.13 Compound
fracture.
Figure 2.14 Greenstick fracture.
Figure 2.15 Longitudinal
fracture.
Figure 2.16 Oblique fracture.
Figure 2.17 Pathologic fracture.
Figure 2.18 Simple fracture.
Figure 2.19 Spiral fracture.