Machining Fundamentals 164
Tooth pattern determines the effi ciency of a
blade in various materials. The standard tooth blade
pattern is best suited for cutting most ferrous met-
als. A skip tooth blade pattern is preferred for cutting
aluminum, magnesium, copper, and soft brasses. The
hook tooth blade pattern is also recommended for
most nonferrous metallic materials. See Figure 11-13.
For best results, consult the blade manufactur-
er’s chart or manual for the proper blade character-
istics (set, pattern, and number of teeth per inch) for
the particular material being cut.
11.3.2 Installing a Band Saw Blade
If the saw is to work at top effi ciency, the blade
must be installed carefully.
SAFETY NOTE T
Wear heavy leather gloves to
protect your hands when installing a
band saw blade.
Blade guides should be adjusted to provide
adequate support, Figure 11-14. Proper blade sup-
port is required to cut true and square with the
holding device.
Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for
adjusting blade tension. Improper blade tension
ruins blades and can cause premature failure of
bearings in the drive and idler wheels.
Cutting problems encountered with the band
saw are similar to those of the reciprocating hack
saw. Most problems are caused by poor machine
condition. Problems can be kept to a minimum if
a maintenance program is followed on a regular
basis. This typically includes checking wheel align-
ment, guide alignment, feed pressure, and hydrau-
lic systems.
Raker Wavy
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Figure  11-12. Saw blades commonly have raker or wavy
teeth. Raker teeth are preferred for general use, cutting large
solid sections, and cutting thick plate.
Standard tooth
Skip tooth
Hook tooth
Goodheart-Willcox Publisher
Figure 11-13. Standard tooth blades, with rounded gullets, are
usually best for most ferrous metals, hard bronzes, and hard
brasses. Skip tooth blades provide for more chip clearance
without weakening the blade body. They are recommended for
cutting aluminum, magnesium, copper, and soft brasses. Hook
tooth blades offer two advantages over skip tooth blades—
easier feeding and less “gumming up.”
Blade guides
AMT—The Association for Manufacturing Technology
Figure 11-14. Adjust blade guides to provide adequate blade
support. Otherwise, the blade will not cut true.