157 Copyright by Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Chapter 8 Manual Transmission Construction and Operation Technical Terms 4-speed transmission 5-speed transmission 6-speed transmission blocking ring block synchronizer cluster gear clutch shaft constant-mesh transmission countershaft countershaft gear downshifting extension housing external floor-shift linkage external shift linkage gearshift lever inner hub inserts insert springs internal shift linkage main drive gear mainshaft mainshaft gears manual transmission case manual transmission input shaft manual transmission output shaft manual transmission shafts manual transmission shift linkage outer sleeve rear bearing reverse idler shaft shift fork synchromesh transmission synchronizer transmission gears upshifting After studying this chapter, you will be able to: • Explain the purpose of the manual transmission. • Describe how a vehicle with a manual transmission is operated. • Identify the major parts of a manual transmission. • Discuss the purpose of each major part of a manual transmission. • Explain the interactions of major manual transmission components. • Describe how the major parts of a manual transmission are constructed. • Explain the operation of a synchronizer. • Diagram power fl ow through a typical manual transmission. • Compare manual transmission designs.