Table of Contents
17
17
Organizing and Financing an Enterprise 251
Forms of Ownership 251
Proprietorship 252
Partnership 252
Corporation 253
Forming a Company 254
Articles of Incorporation 254
Corporate Charter 255
Corporate Bylaws 256
Developing a Management Structure 256
Line Organizations 257
Line and Staff Organizations 258
Line and Functional Staff 258
Determining Financial Needs 259
Academic Link 260
Getting Financing 260
Technology Link 263
Unit 6
Designing and Engineering Products
Green Manufacturing Link 264
18
Establishing Customer Needs and Wants 265
Production Approach 265
Consumer Approach 266
Identifying Product Ideas 266
Determining Consumer Needs and Wants 267
Sources of Product Ideas 267
Market Research 267
Competitive Analysis 270
Academic Link 270
Technological Developments 271
Company Profile 271
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Designing Products 273
Design Objectives 273
Designing for Function 273
Designing for Manufacture 273
Designing for Selling 275
Design Process 275
Preliminary Designs 276
Refining Designs 276
Preparing Models 277
Communicating Designs 277