4
Introduction
Each chapter begins with a list of objectives. You should review these
objectives before studying the chapter. New manufacturing-related terms
appear in bold-itals. In the margin these terms are defined in a running glos-
sary. At the end of each chapter, a list of these terms is given so you can
review. Also given at the end of each chapter are review questions covering
the material in the chapter. Several end-of-chapter activities are given so you
can apply the knowledge gained in the chapter just studied.
Special Features
As you use this textbook, you will find a number of boxed features. These
features were designed to give you additional information about manufacturing
and how it relates to the world are around you. The four features include the
following:
✲ Academic Links. These provide additional information to highlight how
mathematics, science, communications, and social studies are part of the
manufacturing world.
✲ Technology Links. These provide additional information on how manu-
facturing relates and works with other technologies, such as transporta-
tion, communications, agriculture, energy and power, construction, and
medical technology.
✲ Career Links. These provide additional information about careers that are
related to manufacturing.
✲ Green Manufacturing Links. These provide additional information on
green processes and techniques applied in manufacturing.
Safety and Measurement in
Manufacturing
Before you begin the study of manufacturing, it is necessary for you to
review a few basic concepts from your earlier classes. These concepts can be
divided into two groups: safety and measurement.
Safety in Manufacturing
Life is full of hazards. As you move through the day, you encounter
situations that could cause harm to you. A car could hit you as you cross the
street. You could fall or slip as you climb stairs. However, you can reduce the
chance of being hurt by acting responsibly.
Likewise, the manufacturing environment has many hazards. In factories,
there are machines and materials being used by people. There are sharp cut-
ters, moving shafts, hot materials, fumes, and many other conditions that
could harm workers. The chance of injury can be reduced through thoughtful
action. This practice is called safety. It is all the actions people take to reduce
the likelihood of personal injury. These safety practices can be grouped into
three categories. The categories are safety with people, safety with machines,
and safety with materials.