318 Section 4 Manufacturing Process Database
Faceplate turning can be done using the dia-
mond point, round nose, or square nose tools. Lathe
tools are positioned using the tool rest. The rest
should be raised slightly above center of the work-
piece and aligned parallel to the surface to be turned.
Turning is done using a slow speed. A scraping,
rather than cutting, action is used. The gouge should
never be used for faceplate turning.
Sawing
There are many different types of machine- and
hand-powered sawing operations. All are chip-
producing separating processes. Chips are produced
when the teeth of the saw blade cut into the work.
The tooth shape and the type of blades vary from
saw to saw, but the principle of sawing is always the
same. The teeth cut into the stock, with the blade
moving (turning or being pushed or pulled) in the
direction that the teeth are pointing. The action of
the teeth digging into the stock helps to push the
material being sawed down against the table of the
saw. Sometimes, stock is fed into the blade, but in
other cases the blade is pulled into the stock.
Saw cuts made across the grain are referred to
as crosscut sawing. Cuts made in the direction of the
grain are referred to as rip sawing. See Figure 21-14.
Saw blades can be purchased with either crosscut or
rip teeth. Circular power saw blades are also avail-
able with teeth that can be used for both types of cut-
ting. They are called combination blades.
Circular saw blades are used for most of the
machine-powered saws: portable circular saws, radial
arm saws, cutoff saws, and panel saws. The major
sawing processes are scroll sawing, bandsawing, cir-
cular sawing, radial arm sawing, cutoff sawing, and
panel sawing. Each of these will be scussed.
Scroll Saws
Scroll saws are often referred to as jig saws.
Scroll saws are used by patternmakers to produce
intricate cuts within the inside dimensions of a work-
piece. See Figure 21-15. Scroll saws can also produce
Figure 21-14. Cutting across the grain is called crosscutting cutting with the grain is called ripping. A—Crosscutting with a
table saw. B—Ripping with a table saw.
A B
Figure 21-15. To cut intricate shapes on the inside of a
workpiece, such as the numerals being cut out of a thick
block of wood in this photo, the scroll saw is the preferred
power tool. (Delta International Machinery Corp.)
Faceplate turning can be done using the dia-
mond point, round nose, or square nose tools. Lathe
tools are positioned using the tool rest. The rest
should be raised slightly above center of the work-
piece and aligned parallel to the surface to be turned.
Turning is done using a slow speed. A scraping,
rather than cutting, action is used. The gouge should
never be used for faceplate turning.
Sawing
There are many different types of machine- and
hand-powered sawing operations. All are chip-
producing separating processes. Chips are produced
when the teeth of the saw blade cut into the work.
The tooth shape and the type of blades vary from
saw to saw, but the principle of sawing is always the
same. The teeth cut into the stock, with the blade
moving (turning or being pushed or pulled) in the
direction that the teeth are pointing. The action of
the teeth digging into the stock helps to push the
material being sawed down against the table of the
saw. Sometimes, stock is fed into the blade, but in
other cases the blade is pulled into the stock.
Saw cuts made across the grain are referred to
as crosscut sawing. Cuts made in the direction of the
grain are referred to as rip sawing. See Figure 21-14.
Saw blades can be purchased with either crosscut or
rip teeth. Circular power saw blades are also avail-
able with teeth that can be used for both types of cut-
ting. They are called combination blades.
Circular saw blades are used for most of the
machine-powered saws: portable circular saws, radial
arm saws, cutoff saws, and panel saws. The major
sawing processes are scroll sawing, bandsawing, cir-
cular sawing, radial arm sawing, cutoff sawing, and
panel sawing. Each of these will be scussed.
Scroll Saws
Scroll saws are often referred to as jig saws.
Scroll saws are used by patternmakers to produce
intricate cuts within the inside dimensions of a work-
piece. See Figure 21-15. Scroll saws can also produce
Figure 21-14. Cutting across the grain is called crosscutting cutting with the grain is called ripping. A—Crosscutting with a
table saw. B—Ripping with a table saw.
A B
Figure 21-15. To cut intricate shapes on the inside of a
workpiece, such as the numerals being cut out of a thick
block of wood in this photo, the scroll saw is the preferred
power tool. (Delta International Machinery Corp.)