Conventional review questions, as well as a separate
section of ASE-type questions, are presented at the end of
each chapter. After completing a chapter, answer all the
questions on a separate sheet of paper. This is a great way
of reviewing the material presented in the chapter. It will
also help prepare you for the types of questions encoun-
tered on the ASE certification tests.
Each chapter closes with a number of activities.
These activities are automotive-related exercises that
emphasize math and communication skills, as well as
improve performance on the job.
Special Notices
There are a variety of special notices used throughout
this text. These notices contain technical information,
cautions, warnings, and references to pertinent material
in other parts of the text. The notices are identified by
color and by an icon.
A note may contain a reference to another section of
the text that relates to the subject at hand. It may also
highlight important technical information. For example:
Note!
For more information on on-board diagnostics,
refer to Chapter 18, On-board Diagnostics and
Scan Tools.
A caution identifies a situation that may cause
damage to a vehicle, equipment, or tools if the proper
procedures are not followed. For example:
Caution!
Tighten an alternator belt only enough to pre-
vent slippage. Overtightening is a common mis-
take that can quickly ruin alternator bearings.
Cautions that warn against certain procedures or
activities are identified by a “do not” icon:
Caution!
Do not disconnect the EFI harness terminal
when the ignition switch is in the on position.
This can damage the control module.
A warning identifies repair operations that can result
in personal injury if proper procedures or safety measures
are not followed. For example:
Warning!
A steam cleaner operates at high pressures and
temperatures. Follow the manufacturer’s safety
rules and operating instructions.
When a warning refers to a particular danger or
warns reader to wear protective gear, specific icons are
used to help clearly identify the hazard. For example:
Warning!
Always wear eye protection when cleaning
parts with power tools. Metal bristles, bits of
carbon, or metal pieces from a broken tool or
part can fly into your face.
Other warning icons used in this text include:
Face shield required.
Respirator required.
Body protection required.
Shock or electrocution hazard.
Fire hazard.
Explosion hazard.
Injury hazard (rotating parts, hot surfaces, etc.).
Tech tips provide supplemental technical information
and service hints related to the procedure or system being
explained. For example:
Tech Tip!
Oxygen sensors should be replaced at periodic
intervals. After prolonged service, they become
coated with exhaust byproducts. As this hap-
pens, fuel economy and emissions will be
adversely affected. If gas mileage is 10% to
15% lower than normal, suspect the oxygen
sensor of slow response.
Repair Procedures
Procedures present common service and repair
operations in an easy-to-follow, step-by-step format. For
example:
To perform an injector balance test:
1. Connect a pressure gauge to the test fitting
on the fuel rail.
2. Close off the valve for measuring fuel
volume if provided on the fuel gauge
assembly.
3. Connect the balance tester wiring to the
injectors or injector in question.
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