152 Section 1 Introduction to Automotive Technology Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Recycling and Disposal of Auto Shop Wastes Recycling and the proper disposal of auto shop wastes are needed to help save our planet’s natural resources and reduce the amount of materials being sent to landfills. Laws have been passed that require specific procedures when handling and discarding potentially harmful materials. Auto Shop Wastes Automotive maintenance may generate hazard- ous wastes that come under the requirements of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. This federal act covers businesses that generate, transport, and manage hazardous wastes. Any business that maintains or repairs vehicles, heavy equipment, or farm equipment is classified as a vehicle maintenance facility by this act. Vehicle maintenance fluid and solid wastes include: • Used motor oil (can be combustible and may con- tain toxic chemicals). • Other discarded lubricants, such as transmission and differential fluids (may contain toxic chemicals). • Used parts. • Cleaners and degreasers that are contaminated from parts-cleaning operations. • Fuel injection system cleaners (flammable and may contain toxic chemicals). • Rust removers (may contain strong acidic or alka- line solutions). • Paint thinners or reducers (may be ignitable or contain toxic additives). • Worn out batteries contain lead and sulfuric acid). • Tires and catalytic converters. Repair and maintenance facilities (service sta- tions, automotive dealerships, independent auto repair shops, etc.) that generate 220 lb. (100 kg) of hazard- ous waste monthly must file a Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest before removing the wastes. The man- ifest must list the proper Department of Transportation (DOT) shipping descriptions for a number of wastes. Tables listing these descriptions are available from each state’s hazardous waste management agency or a regional EPA office. B A Section of hose Stethoscope Engine noise Goodheart-Willcox Publisher Figure 9-23. You must often listen to the sounds outside and inside an assembly to find the source of the problem. A—A stethoscope can be used to quickly find knocks and rattles inside components. Move the tip around on parts. When noise becomes the loudest, you have found the source of the prob- lem. B—A piece of vacuum hose can be used like a stethoscope to find external noises. It will help you find vacuum leaks, squeaks, wind noise, and other abnormal sounds.