iv Harvey N. Holzman is a licensed Master Electrician with 45 years of hands- on experience in several States, including New York, Florida, Kansas, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Texas. Besides owning his own electrical con- tracting services company, he has worked for several major constructors both at refineries and power generating stations providing consulting, supervi- fi sion, and fi eld engineering. He has been a member of many electrical trade fi organizations, and has trained dozens of individuals, many who have gone on to become Master Electricians. About the Author The National Electrical Code® The most informative and authoritative body of information concerning elec- trical wiring installation in the United States, and perhaps the world, is the National Electrical Code® (NEC). This code establishes a set of rules, regula- tions, and criteria for the installation of electrical equipment. Compliance with these methods will result in a safe installation. The NEC is drafted by a team of experts assembled for this purpose by the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA). This team is formally called the National Electrical Code committee. They revise and update the NEC every three years. It is imperative that anyone installing electrical wiring obtains and studies the NEC. Articles and sections of the NEC are referred to throughout this text. Although certain portions, tables, and examples are directly quoted from its text, there is enough useful information in the NEC that not having it available would be a tremendous hindrance. The latest edi- tion of the National Electrical Code can be purchased from the National Fire Protection Association by visiting their website. NFPA 70®, National Electrical Code® and NEC® are registered trademarks of the National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. Portions of this book are reprinted with permission from NFPA 70®-2017, National Electrical Code, copyright e © 2016, National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA. This reprinted material is not the complete and official posi- fi tion of the NFPA on the referenced subject, which is represented only by the standard in its entirety.