Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. 48 Chapter Review Summary■ ■ Before purchasing a trowel, consider the weight, size, materials, construction, and angle of the handle to the blade. ■ ■ Major styles of trowels, based on their pattern and shape, are the Philadelphia pattern, the London pattern, and the Wide London pattern. ■ ■■ Jointers are used to finish the surface of mortar joints. ■ A brick hammer is used to drive nails and break or chip masonry materials, not for striking hardened steel, such as chisels or steel stakes. ■ ■■ Mortar bags are used to place mortar into joints where older mortar has been removed. ■ A mason’s level, or plumb rule, is used to check a wall or other structures to ensure they are vertical and level. ■ ■ A mason’s line is a cord that is used to keep each course level and the wall “true” and “out-of-wind.” ■ ■ Much of a mason’s work is done on scaffolding. Types of scaffolding include tubular, tower, and swing stage scaffolding. ■ ■■ Tamping, packing, and compacting are all necessary to prepare a site for masonry work. ■ A screed is used after concrete is placed to strike off or screed the concrete surface to the proper level. ■ ■■ A darby is used to remove any high or low spots left by the screed. ■ A bull float does essentially the same job as a darby, but allows the mason to float a much larger area. ■ ■ Edgers are tools used to produce a radius on the edge of a slab and to push stones below the surface. ■ ■ Groovers are used to cut a joint partly through fresh concrete to control the location of any possible cracks. ■ ■■ Hand floats are used to prepare a concrete surface for troweling. ■ Masonry units can be cut quickly and accurately with a masonry saw. Goggles or safety glasses should always be worn to protect the eyes from flying chips. Ear protection should also be worn. ■ ■ Concrete vibrators are used to remove air pockets or voids in the mixture to aid in making the concrete a uniform mass. Concrete vibrators are also used to reduce chances of cavities or holes in the surface of the concrete when forms are removed. ■ ■ Concrete power trowels are used to reduce labor time when finishing large slabs of concrete. Know and Understand Answer the following questions using the information provided in this chapter. 1. The measuring tool used most frequently by the mason is the _____. A. tape measure for layout B. retractable tape C. folding rule D. steel square 2. A _____ is used by masons to finish the surface of mortar joints. A. margin trowel B. jointer C. gauging trowel D. joint raker 3. What is a type of tool used to remove mortar from a joint? A. Tuck pointer B. Brick jointer C. Sled runner D. Joint raker