PROCEDURE Installing Copper Pipe and Fittings Copper DWV pipe measurements can often be taken shoulder-to-shoulder. However, face-to-face measurements are frequently more convenient. Appropriate allowances for fitting socket depth are shown in Figure 19-32. The laying lengths for common copper fittings are given in Figure 19-33. Cutting Copper Pipe and Tubing Copper pipe and tubing should be cut with a tubing cutter, Figure 19-34. Slowly rotate the tubing cutter around the pipe. Tighten the cutter one-fourth to one-half turn with each revolution until the pipe is cut. Ream the cut end of the pipe to remove the burr produced in cutting the pipe. See Figure 19-35. Joining Copper Pipe Copper DWV pipe and fittings are joined by soldering. 1. Clean both the end of the pipe and the inside of the fitting socket. 2. Once the parts are clean, apply flux to prevent the copper from oxidizing too quickly when it is heated, Figure 19-36. 3. Assemble the parts and heat them with a sol- dering torch until they are hot enough to melt the lead-free solder that is used to make the joint. Excessive heating will burn away the flux and cause oxidization that will prevent the solder from bonding. Soldering is discussed in more detail in Chapter 9, Soldering, Brazing, and Welding. Care must be taken to avoid igniting the wood framing around solder joints. A shield made of fire resistant material is very helpful. It is also a good practice to have a fire extinguisher nearby in case it is needed. Supporting Copper Pipe Horizontal runs of copper pipe should be supported every 4′–6′ with copper pipe hangers. Vertical runs of pipe should be secured to maintain alignment. Goodheart-Willcox Publisher Figure 19-32. Make allowance for these socket depths when measuring copper piping. Socket Allowances for Copper Fittings Pipe size (in) Engagement (in) 1 1¼ 1½ 2 2½ 3 3½ 4 5 6 15/16 1 1⅛ 1⅜ 1½ 111/16 115/16 23/16 211/16 3⅛ Goodheart-Willcox Publisher Figure 19-33. The laying length of common copper DWV fittings is given in this table. Nominal size (in) Laying length (in) C C C 45° ell 1¼ 1½ 2 3 ½ 9/16 13/16 13/16 C C 90° ell 1¼ 1½ 2 3 13/16 17/16 115/16 211/16 Nominal size (in) Laying length (in) A B C B A C Sanitary tee 1¼ 1½ 2 3 4 1⅛ 17/16 1⅞ 2⅞ 313/16 13/16 15/16 1⅛ 17/16 2 1⅛ 17/16 1⅞ 2⅞ 313/16 C B A Wye 1¼ 1½ 2 3 4 2 25/16 2⅞ 4 5½ 2 25/16 2⅞ 4 5½ ⅜ ½ 9/16 ¾ 11/16 316 Section 3 Plumbing System Design and Installation Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.