iv About the Authors Andrew D. Althouse received his engineering degree from the University of Michigan. He was the Assistant Director of the Vocational Education Department at Cass Technical High School in Detroit and later became the Supervisor of Vocational Education for Detroit. As a leader in the field, he and his coauthor Carl Turnquist created one of the first training programs in refrigeration while at Cass Technical High School. Andy, as he was known, created the first technical training course in refrigeration for industry. The instructional materials used in this first course became the foundation for the textbook Modern Electric and Gas Refrigeration, which was published in 1933. Mr. Althouse was a Member of the American Society of Refrigerating Engineers. Carl H. Turnquist earned his engineering degree from Wayne State University in Detroit and, along with Mr. Althouse, developed one of the earliest training pro- grams to provide instruction for mechanical refrigeration for the automotive industry and for railroad passenger cars. With industry support, Carl’s program flourished as the demand for skilled technicians in this new field expanded. The Modern Electric and Gas Refrigeration book was revised every three to five years as new equip- ment was developed. The title of the book was eventually changed to Modern Refrigeration and Air Conditioning. Mr. Turnquist was an Associate Member of the American Society of Refrigerating Engineers. Alfred Bracciano received a bachelor of science degree in Industrial Education with Certification in Vocational Education from Wayne State University in Detroit. He also earned a master’s degree in Secondary Education and a Specialist degree in Administration and Supervision. Mr. Bracciano was employed as a teacher of Refrigera- tion and Air Conditioning for 12 years. He then became Director of Career and Technical Education for Warren Consolidated Schools in Warren, Michigan. He taught Community Resources Workshops for Michigan State University and presented at conferences throughout the country. Mr. Bracciano was a life member of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), Refrigeration Service Engineers Society (RSES), Association for Career and Technical Education (ACTE), and the American Technical Education Association (ATEA). Dan Bracciano graduated from Oakland University in Rochester Hills, Michigan, with a bachelor of science degree in Mechanical Engineering. He began his career in HVACR at the Warren Schools Career Center, graduating in HVACR, and worked in the HVACR field performing res- idential and commercial HVACR installations and service. Dan has over 25 years of experience working in de- sign, development, and manufacture of HVAC systems for Fiat/Chrysler, General Motors, Mitsubishi Climate Control, and Alternative Energy Corporation. He holds several patents in the field, including a patent for a Modular Hermetic HVAC system. Dan is a member of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air- Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) and the Mobile Air Conditioning Society (MACS). Gloria Bracciano received a bachelor’s degree in Education, a master’s degree in Curriculum and Instruc- tion, and an education specialist degree in Administrative Leadership. She completed coursework in Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration through Oakland and Macomb Community Colleges. Ms. Bracciano has worked in the field of education for over 25 years and has held positions as both univer- sity professor and administrator. She also served as the Provost of Gulliver Schools. Ms. Bracciano specializes in development and implementation of innovative cur- riculums and has presented at local, state, and national conferences. Ms. Bracciano is a member of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), Refrigeration Service Engineers Society (RSES), and the American Technical Education Association (ATEA).