xv Contents Chapter 5 Electrical Energy Fundamentals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 5.1 Electron Theory. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 5.2 Measuring Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 5.3 Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 5.4 Circuit Fundamentals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 5.5 Electromagnetic Induction. . . . . . . . . . . 75 5.6 Electrical System Overview. . . . . . . . . . 80 Section 2 Planning Chapter 6 Print Reading, Specifi cations, and Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 6.1 Prints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 6.2 Understanding Electrical Prints . . . . . . 89 6.3 Specifi cations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 6.4 Electrical Codes and Safety Agencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 Chapter 7 Branch-Circuit, Feeder, and Service Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101 7.1 Understanding Load Types . . . . . . . . . 101 7.2 Branch-Circuit Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 7.3 Feeder and Service Loads . . . . . . . . . . 105 7.4 Determining the Number of Branch Circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 7.5 Balancing Circuit Loads. . . . . . . . . . . . 112 Section 1 Fundamentals Chapter 1 Electrical Careers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 1.1 Career Categories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.2 Applying for a Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.3 Succeeding in the Workplace. . . . . . . . . 10 1.4 Owning a Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 1.5 Training and Career Development. . . . 16 Chapter 2 Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 2.1 Workplace Injuries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 2.2 Working Safely . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 2.3 Responding to an Accident . . . . . . . . . . 31 2.4 Hazardous Environments . . . . . . . . . . . 31 2.5 Reference . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Chapter 3 Hand and Power Tools . . . . . . . . . 37 3.1 Measuring Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 3.2 Wire Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 3.3 Conduit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 3.4 Striking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 3.5 Drilling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 3.6 Miscellaneous . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 3.7 Care and Repair of Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Chapter 4 Electrical Measurement and Testing Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 4.1 Standard Testing and Measuring Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 4.2 Specialty Testers and Meters . . . . . . . . . 58 4.3 Measuring and Testing Safe Practices . . .60