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Nutrition & Wellness for Life
Part Two
The Health Effects of Energy Nutrients 106
Chapter 5 Carbohydrates: The Preferred Body Fuel 109
Types of Carbohydrates 110
The Functions of Carbohydrates 113
How Your Body Uses Carbohydrates 116
Meeting Your Carbohydrate Needs 117
The Glycemic Index (GI) 122
Health Questions Related to Carbohydrates 123
Chapter 6 Fats: A Concentrated Energy Source 132
What Are Lipids? 134
Functions of Lipids 138
Lipids in the Body 139
Fats and Heart Health 140
Fats and Cancer 148
Limiting Fats and Cholesterol in Your Diet 149
Chapter 7 Proteins: The Body’s Building Blocks 156
What Is Protein? 158
Protein in the Body 159
Food Sources of Protein 161
How Much Protein Do You Need? 165
The Risks of Too Little or Too Much Protein 169
Part Three
The Work of Noncaloric Nutrients 176
Chapter 8 Vitamins: Drivers of Cell Processes 178
What Are Vitamins? 180
The Fat-Soluble Vitamins at Work 183
The Water-Soluble Vitamins at Work 190
Nonvitamins and Other Nonnutrients 199
Are Vitamin Supplements Needed? 201
Preserving Vitamins in Foods 203