Glossary 605
goal. A direction or end to which a person
works. (3)
gross-motor skills. Skills that involve the use
of large muscles, such as the trunk, neck,
arm, and leg muscles. (13)
growth. An increase in size, strength, and
ability that begins with pregnancy and
continues through adulthood. (4)
guardians. Unrelated adults who raise
children, but never legally adopt them. (2)
guidance. The act of directing and infl uencing
a person toward a particular end. (4)
guilt. Ability to self-criticize or have
remorse. (6)
H
hereditary. Something genetically passed
from parent to child. (3)
heritage. All that has been passed down
through the generations. (1)
high-risk behaviors. Risky actions in which
teens often know the dangers, but believe
they are exempt from the risks. (17)
HIV (human immunodefi ciency virus). Virus
that enters a person’s body and slowly
begins to destroy the immune system. (8)
homicide. The intentional taking of another’s
life. (17)
I
identifi cation. Children unconsciously adopt
the behavioral patterns of people they
like and admire. (4)
“I” messages. Messages that describe a
thought, feeling, or other experience in
the singular, fi rst-person manner. They
give the responsibility to a problem to
the speaker. (5)
imitation. When children copy the behavior
of others. (4)
immunizations. Treatments that prevent
people from developing certain
diseases. (13)
incest. Sexual activity between people who
are closely related that is forbidden by
law. (19)
inclusion. The practice of placing children
with disabilities and children without
disabilities in the same classroom for
learning. (21)
infant. A baby less than 1 year of age. (13)
infant mortality rate. The rate of infant
deaths per 1000 live births. (3)
infections. Illnesses caused by pathogens,
such as viruses, bacteria, or parasites. (21)
infertility. Inability to conceive despite
having intercourse regularly for at least
one year. (7)
in-home care. Care in which the caregiver
provides care in the child’s home. (20)
integrity. Firm adherence to a code of moral
values. (6)
intellectual development. The changes in
a person’s thinking, intelligence, and
language. (4)
interests. Activities that appeal to a person
over a period of time. (22)
internships. School programs that offer paid
or unpaid supervised work experience to
learn about specifi c jobs or careers. (22)
in vitro fertilization. Procedure to promote
conception that involves removing eggs
from a woman’s ovaries, fertilizing them
with a man’s sperm in a glass dish, and
then placing the fertilized eggs in the
woman’s uterus. (7)
J
job. Work experience a person does for
money. (22)
job shadowing. Learning about a job by
following an employee as he or she
works. (22)
job sharing. Work situation in which two
employees share one job, each working
part-time. (10)