vii Assessing what you learn is important as you progress through the text. Multiple opportunities are provided to help you confirm learning as you explore the text, and include the following: • The Summary gives an overview of chapter content for reference purposes. • Review and Reflect activities cover chapter concepts to help you evaluate your understanding. • Vocabulary Activities invite students to apply their knowledge at the end of every chapter. • Critical Thinking activities strengthen your higher-order thinking skills related to human services topics and issues. • Core Skills activities offer opportunities for developing workplace knowledge and skills, and collaborative learning, including reading, writing, speaking, listening, math, and research, technology, and CTE career readiness practice. Preparation is key to maximize your learning. The text is organized to encourage effective preparation for learning the following content. • Learning Outcomes help guide learning as you read each chapter. Each outcome is aligned with a content heading as will as the summary at the end of the chapter. • Reading Strategies and Mapping Concepts are activities that enhance your reading and note-taking skills. • Key Terms enhance your understanding of content vocabulary and appear in bold, highlighted type in the text where they are defined. Academic Terms build your everyday vocabulary and appear in blue, italic type in the chapters. • Reading Recall questions throughout each chapter help you check your understanding of main concepts. 5 Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Key Terms apprenticeship aptitudes associate’s degree attitudes bachelor’s degree career and technical program consumer services counseling and mental health services doctorate degree early childhood development and services entrepreneurial careers family and community services Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) Head Start human services master’s degree personal care services skills Academic Terms allocate competencies ideology impoverished Industrial Revolution interdisciplinary paraprofessionals portable Mapping Concepts As you read this chapter, use a tree diagram like the one shown to organize information about the field of human services. Write An Introduction to Human Services in the top circle and then record major categories and specific activities and notes in the circles below. Reading Strategies Before reading, write the learning outcomes for this chapter on a separate piece of paper. Then, rewrite each outcome as a question. As you are reading this chapter, take notes about information relating to these learning outcomes. After reading, write a two- to three-sentence answer for each of the questions you wrote. If necessary, refer to your notes as you respond to the questions. Learning Outcomes After studying this chapter, you will be able to • explain the historical beginnings and growth of the human services field • identify the broad employment categories in the field of human services • give examples of career opportunities for human services workers within each of the broad employment categories • recognize common aptitudes, attitudes, and skills of human services workers • summarize key education, training, and experience expectations for human services careers • identify common challenges and rewards in human services careers and • describe the job outlook for careers in human services. Maximizes Your Preparation p Reading Recall 1. Give five examples of human services careers. 2. What do consumer services workers do? 3. Who are paraprofessionals? 4. Human services workers in _____ understand and meet the needs of infants, toddlers, and young children. 5. Which broad employment category in the field of human services includes emergency and relief workers and social workers? 6. List three jobs in personal care services. 7. People who pursue entrepreneurial careers are called _____. 8. Human services workers may provide related services in which three areas? Common Aptitudes, Attitudes, and Skills Aptitudes (natural abilities), attitudes (set ways of thinking or feeling about someone or something), and skills (developed talents or abilities) of Review and Assessment Review and Refl ect 1. What is the primary focus of the human services profession? 2. Summarize how the events of World War I, the Great Depression, and World War II changed how society viewed poverty. 3. Describe two programs that have resulted from the HHS. 4. Identify the broad employment categories in the field of human services and give an example of an occupation within each of these categories. 5. Compare and contrast early and services and personal care servicess. 6. How would what is involved in working counseling and mental health services field? 7. What is the goal of having a personal home care aide? 8. Give an example of an entrepreneurial opportunity in human services. 9. Why should human services workers understand human life stage development? 10. What kinds of resources should human workers be aware of when serving clients? 11. Paraphrase the differences between associate’s, master’ss, and doctorate degrees. 12. Give an example of how careers in human services may ebb and flow in relation to what is happening in overall economy.. Vocabulary Activities 13. Key terms Write each of the following terms on a separate sheet of paper. For each term, quickly write a word you think relates to the term. small groups, exchange papers. Have each person in the group explain a term on the list. Take turns until all terms have been explained.. apprenticeship aptitudes associate’s degree attitudes bachelor’s degree career and technical program consumer services counseling and mental health services doctorate degree early childhood development and servicessceis entrepreneurial careers family and community services Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) Head Start human services master’s degree personal care services skills 14. Academic terms Read the text passages that contain each of the terms. Then,, write the definition of each term your own words. Double-check your definitions by rereading the text and using the text glossary.ary.lg allocate ideologyy Industrial Revolution paraprofessionalsfield Critical Thinking 15. Make inferences Based on the last 100 years of growth in the of human services, what do you predict will with in these fields over the next 50 years? 16. Cause and effect During the Industrial Revolution, the needs of the impoverished no What caused in thinking and what effect did it have on 17. Draw conclusions There a the by Jane Addams. What do you think this quote meant at the time it was said? Do you think this quote holds true today? 18. Analyze Examine your aptitudes, attitudes, and skills. How do they match up with those of people working in human services careers? g C om pare an d contrast ear ly cchildhoodd hildh oo ddevelopment evelopment an d serv ices an d p ersona l care service . H ow wou ld yyou ou ddescribee escr ib w h at i s involved i n wor ki ng iin n tthee h counse ling an d menta l h ea lth service s field ? What is the goal o f having a personal home care ai de? G ive an example of an entrepreneurial opportunit y in human services. Wh y should human services workers understand human life sta ge development? Wh at kind s of re sources should human sservices ervices workers be aware o f when serving ttheir heir clients ? Paraphrase the diff erences bet ween associa te’s , bbachelor’s, achelor’s , m aster’ , and d octorat e deg rees . G ive an exam ple of how careers in human s ervice s may e bb and flow in relation to w hat i s h appen ing i n tthee h overa ll economy cabulary a a a a a r r r ry y y y y A ctivities Key terr m m m m m m ms s s s s s Write each of the followin g terms on a sep arate sheet of pa p er. For each term, quickly write a word you think relates to the t erm. IIn n sma ll groups , exchange papers. H ave e ach person in the g roup explain a term on the list. Take turns until all terms have been explained early childhood devel opment an d erv 14 . Academi cademi demi ic Academi Academi Academi Acade terms c terms c terms c terms c terms c terms c ter c R ea d t h e text passag es t hat contain each o f the ffollowingg ollowin terms. T hen wr ite the def inition o f each term iin n y our o wn wor ds. Double-check y our definitions by rereadin g the text and usin g th e t ext oss allocate ccompetencies ompetenc ies id eo log iimpoverished mpoverished Industrial Revolution iinterdisciplinaryy paraprofessionals pportablee orta bl C ritical Thinkin g 15 . Make inf erence s Based on the last 1 00 y ears o f growth in the ffield ield o f human services, w h at d o you pre di ct w ill hhappen appen w i th jobs in these fields over the next 50 y ears ? 16 . C ause and effe ct Durin g the Industrial R evolution, the needs o f the impoverished ccould ou ld no llonger onger bbe e iignored.. gnore d Wh at cause d tthiss hi sshift hift in think ing and what effect did it have on ssociety??y ociet 1 7. Draw conclusion s Th ere iis s a qquote uote iin n the cchapter hapter by Jane Addams. What do you think this quot e meant at the time it was said ? Do y ou think this quote holds true toda y? 18 . Analyze E xam ine your aptitudes, atti tu des, and skills. How do they match up with ervices een and ski lls. Ho w do th ey matc h up services 26 Review and Assessment 19. Determine Determine how an interdisciplinar y program broadly prepares students for careers in human services. 20. Evaluate Find information from five colleges or univer sities that offer degrees in a human services career that interests you. List the advantages and disadvantages of each school based on information you gather and on your personal wants and needs. 21. Compare and contrast In teams, compare and contrast the challenges and rjobs e wards of working with people in times of crisis and need. 22. Evaluate After reading this chapter, what is your opinion of career s in the human services field? Are you still interested in a career in human services? Why or why not? Core Skills 23. Reading and writing Find a nonfiction book to read about o ne of the following historical events: the Industrial Revolution, World War I, the Great Depression, or World War II. Create a time line of important events and dates discussed in the book. Share your findings with the class. 24. Reading and math Reread the Case Study, Making a Difference, in this chapter to find out why Amelia chose to become a human services worker. What are some other reasons people might be drawn to human services careers? As a class, create a survey to poll human services workers to find out why they entered the field of human services. Tally the survey results and post them in class. 25. Listening, writing, and speaking Arrange to interv iew a human services worker to learn more about his or her job. Before the interview, write a list of 10 questions that you intend to ask during the interview. After the interview, write a summary detailing what you learned from this experience. Share your summaries with the rest of the class. 26. Math and speaking Choose an oc cnterdisciplinar upation in the of human services that interests you. Using online sources, such as the Occupational Outlook Handbook website, research the median pay per year and per hour for workers in this occupation. Share your findings with the class and justify whether or not you could live on that salary and pay your utilities and required bills. 27. Research and technology Research human servic es agencies and organizations in your local area. Identify contact information, what services they provide, and hours of operation. Use desktop publishing software to create a professional-looking pamphlet or handout that includes the results of your research. Share your completed project with local elementary, middle, and high schools in your area to be given out to families in need. Identify other places within the community you might also use to circulate the pamphlet or handout. 28. Writing and speaking Make a list of your por table skills. With a partner, discuss each other’s lists. How are your lists similar? How are they different? Are there skills on your partner’s list that you could add to your list? 29. Speaking, writing, and listening Working in small groups, brainstorm common challenges and rewards associated with careers in human services. Create a T-chart to organize the results of your group’s brainstorming session. Then, as a class, compare and discuss each group’s charts and ideas. 30. Research and technology Use online or print resources to research the job duties, educational requirements, and job outlook for one career in each of the broad employment categories in the field of human services as discussed in this chapter. Create an electroni c slide show to present your findings to the class.