Know and Understand questions allow students to demonstrate knowledge, identification, and comprehension of chapter material Summary feature provides an additional review tool for the student and reinforces key learning objectives Communicating about Floral Design questions and activities help integrate reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills while extending students knowledge on the chapter topics STEM and Academic Activities include plausible individual and group activities in which students can apply their knowledge and use methods covered throughout the textbook K a k c S a t k 144 Principles of Floral Design Review and Assessment Summary • Design principles define aspects of beauty and are to be recognized and achieved as much as possible. • require both physical and visual balance. • Visual balance be in both symmetrical asymmetrical floral arrangements. • rule of thirds designers the amount of space that be taken up by a floral design for a fixed space. • be to fit the location where they will be used. • The elements that are featured in a are subordinate. • The focal point is at the base of the design, near the center. • more when they are used in the focal area. • A harmonious design is one in which all of the elements work • Unity in a floral design is the sense that all of the elements belong together. Know and Understand Answer the following questions using the information provided in this chapter. 1. True or False? Color is a design principle. A. True B. False 2. True or False? Physical balance relates to a arrangement can stand on its own. A. True B. False 3. To create physical balance in an arrangement, you should _____. A. create stable mechanics so that the design does not fall apart when transported B. face the focal flower toward the person viewing the design C. make the design larger than the container D. flowers closer together at the focal area 4. True or False? Poor visual balance in an arrangement is caused by it being physically unstable. A. True B. False 5. The perceived lightness or heaviness of a design is its _____. A. stable weight B. accent weight C. visual weight D. integral weight 6. True or False? lighter materials in the center and darker materials on the outer edges will create visual stability. A. True B. False 7. A planned space within a design that contains no flowers or foliage _____. A. allows material to be seen without obstruction B. is an open area that is integral to the design C. is called negative space D. All of the above. 8. True or False? A mound, hemisphere design is asymmetrical. A. True B. False 9. True or False? In asymmetrical floral weight is equal on both sides of the CVA. A. True B. False 10. True or False? Asymmetrical floral designs are unbalanced. A. True B. False 11. True or False? The CVA in an asymmetrical design is always off center. A. True B. False Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. i e s ic sy m e C int t 146 Principles of Floral Design Critical Thinking 1. A customer requests a custom arrangement that includes poinsettias and sunflowers for a special gift. Why might a designer want to avoid this combination? What could the designer say to the customer? 2. How might you harmonize a holiday arrangement that uses only pine foliage? 3. A local college football hero wants to be married on the campus field. You have been hired to do the floral arrangements, so you accompany the bride to the to begin planning. You notice that there is a constant, stiff breeze on the field. What might you suggest to the bride regarding arrangements that will work in this environment? How can you make sure the floral arrangements will stay in place?? STEM and Academic Activities 1. Math. Research the Fibonacci series. The first several numbers in the Fibonacci series are 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, and 21. Do the math to extend the series out to next 14 Show your work. 27. Items that are placed in close proximity to each other _____. slow down the movement B. up the movement C. create tension D. add character 28. Sometimes flowers or other elements in a do not seem to work together. One way to remedy this situation is “unity through proximity,” which refers to _____. A. abandoning the project B. grouping materials to find previously unnoticed relationships C. separating materials into several different designs D. starting over with new materials 29. When using many different elements, such as mixed colors, in a design, use _____ to help unite the parts into a cohesive arrangement. A. balance B. proportion C. repetition D. scale 30. When repeated elements spread out from a central point, _____ is being used. A. radiation B. gradation C. proportion D. transition 31. When repeated elements in a design slowly increase or decrease in size, _____ is being used. A. radiation B. gradation C. proportion D. transition 32. The smooth gradual change from one material to another is called _____. A. radiation B. gradation C. proportion D. transition 33. Which design principle celebrates the differences in design and the pleasing interaction of different elements? A. Balance B. Harmony C. Rhythm D. Unity 34. True or False? The principle of similarity is things that look similar are assumed to be related and can be grouped together. A. True B. False 35. True or False? Keeping a design simple and uncluttered is often the best A. Truee B. False Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc.. at id designer ent ed ffootball f u ffootball ffield stant, ff f ? y ies nd t e ies tthe e numbers.numbers. . ? u aapproach.pp . . C G C Chapter 6 Principles of Design 147 2. Science. Design and perform an experiment using a 3″ square block of Styrofoam, a plastic of is maximum height that supported by the mechanic? Record steps you use in Be write that can experiment and your 3. Social Studies. Different societies and cultures have different ideas about how to emphasize important is in as in to how the principles of in United are different from those ages and Renaissance. factors may differences? 4. Arts. Write a short chapter for a book that will be used to teach art to sixth-grade students. The be in the topic thoroughly. Use concrete details and extended definitions to the students understand the 5. Math. Many “golden” mathematical concepts have been identified throughout the years. the “golden the how concept to design? with balance by stacking different sizes and shapes of wooden blocks. 7. History. Research the golden ratio to learn how it was discovered and applied to architecture in Ancient 8. Using various pictures of floral arrangements, determine the following: the dominant and point, and rhythm. 9. Hands-On Design. Visit a botanical garden and identify various landscape designs, such as formal gardens, and garden. Sketch on the designs. Communicating about Floral Design 1. Speaking and Listening. Divide into groups of four or five students. Each group should choose one of the following proportion, or unity. Using your as a starting point, research your topic and prepare a it floral a your presentation to the rest the class. notes other students give their Ask you like 2. Speaking and Reading. Modify an available arrangement so there are several issues with the design, especially balance. the a is and visual balance with a contestant. As the ask the contestant questions about your textbook, explain strengths and of the in terms of balance. You may in the for roles and the on a principle, as 3. Speaking and Reading. Working in groups of three students, create flash cards for the key terms in this chapter. On the front the On the back of the card, write the pronunciation and a brief definition. Use your textbook and a take turns on pronunciations definitions of the key terms. SAE Opportunities 1. Authentic Experience. Job shadow a floral designer. 2. Analytical Research. Research the history of the principles of design within the twentieth century. When were they first in Copyright Goodheart-Willcox Co., Inc. Critical Thinking questions help students develop higher-order thinking skills, problem-solving skills, personal skills, and workplace skills SAE Opportunities help students make real-life connections with a variety of new and interesting SAE opportunities