egal/iStock/Getty Images Plus 134 C H A P T E R 8 Sugar: The Simplest of Carbohydrates Learning Outcomes After studying this chapter, you will be able to ❍ ❍ summarize how carbohydrates are produced through the process of photosynthesis. ❍ ❍ identify the monosaccharides that are combined to form each of the disaccharides. ❍ ❍ explain the chemical process of hydrolysis. ❍ ❍ name types of sugar used as food ingredients. ❍ ❍ list the functions of sugar in food preparation. ❍ ❍ evaluate the role of sugar in a nutritious diet. Reading Prep Write all of the chapter terms on a sheet of paper. Highlight the words that you don’t know. Before you begin reading, look up the highlighted words in the glossary and write the definitions.