xiii SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION TO PRINT READING Unit 1 Construction Drawing Organization . . . 3 Construction Prints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Unit 2 Construction Math and Application . . 19 Fractions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Calculating Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Area Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Volume Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Activity 2-1: Problems in Construction Mathematics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Unit 3 Reading Measuring Tools and Using Scales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Fractional Rule. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Metric Rule. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Using Scales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Activity 3-1: Reading a Fractional Rule . . 49 Activity 3-2: Reading a Metric Rule . . . . 50 Activity 3-3: Reading a Scale . . . . . . . . . 51 Activity 3-4: Identifying Missing Dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Activity 3-5: Reading and Drawing Using Scales. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 SECTION 2 PRINT READING BASICS Unit 4 Lines and Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 The Alphabet of Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Symbols. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Activity 4-1: Alphabet of Lines . . . . . . . . 66 Activity 4-2: Construction Drawing Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 Unit 5 Fundamental Drawing Practices . . . . . 69 Sketching Technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Proportion in Sketching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Steps in Sketching an Object. . . . . . . . . . 74 Sketching Aids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 Introduction to Orthographic Projection . . 75 Creating Orthographic Drawings . . . . . . . 75 Dimensioning Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Activity 5-1: Sketching Lines . . . . . . . . . 85 Activity 5-2: Angles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Activity 5-3: Arcs and Circles. . . . . . . . . 87 Activity 5-4: Floor Plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Activity 5-5: Commercial Wall Section. . 89 Activity 5-6: Parking Lot . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 Activity 5-7: Matching Views . . . . . . . . . 91 Contents